Eemian Greenland SMB strongly sensitive to model choice

Andreas Plach (1) , Kerim Nisancioglu (2, 1) , Sébastien Le Clec'H (3, 4) , Andreas Born (1) , Petra Langebroek (1) , Chuncheng Guo (1) , Michael Imhof (5) , Thomas Stocker (6)

1 BCCR - Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research
2 UiO - University of Oslo
3 LSCE - Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette]
4 VUB - Vrije Universiteit Brussel
5 UZH - Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich
6 UNIBE - Universität Bern / University of Bern

Understanding the behavior of the Greenland ice sheet in a warmer climate, and particularly its surface mass balance (SMB), is important for assessing Greenland's potential contribution to future sea level rise. The Eemian in-terglacial period, the most recent warmer-than-present period in Earth's history approximately 125 000 years ago, provides an analogue for a warm summer climate over Green-land. The Eemian is characterized by a positive Northern Hemisphere summer insolation anomaly, which complicates Eemian SMB calculations based on positive degree day estimates. In this study, we use Eemian global and regional climate simulations in combination with three types of SMB models-a simple positive degree day, an intermediate complexity , and a full surface energy balance model-to evaluate the importance of regional climate and model complexity for estimates of Greenland's SMB. We find that all SMB models perform well under the relatively cool pre-industrial and late Eemian. For the relatively warm early Eemian, the differences between SMB models are large, which is associated with whether insolation is included in the respective models. For all simulated time slices, there is a systematic difference between globally and regionally forced SMB models , due to the different representation of the regional climate over Greenland. We conclude that both the resolution of the simulated climate as well as the method used to estimate the SMB are important for an accurate simulation of Greenland's SMB. Whether model resolution or the SMB method is most important depends on the climate state and in particular the prevailing insolation pattern. We suggest that future Eemian climate model intercomparison studies should include SMB estimates and a scheme to capture SMB uncertainties.

Domaines: Climatologie

Andreas Plach, Kerim Nisancioglu, Sébastien Le Clec'H, Andreas Born, Petra Langebroek, et al.. Eemian Greenland SMB strongly sensitive to model choice. Climate of the Past, 2018, 14 (10), pp.1463-1485. ⟨10.5194/cp-14-1463-2018⟩. ⟨hal-02975965⟩