Assessment of the European climate projections as simulated by the large EURO CORDEX regional and global climate model ensemble

Erika Coppola (1) , Rita Nogherotto (1) , James M. Ciarlo (1) , Filippo Giorgi (1) , Erik van Meijgaard (2) , Nikolay Kadygrov (3) , Carley Iles (3) , Lola Corre (4) , Marit Sandstad (5) , Samuel Somot (6) , Pierre Nabat (6) , Robert Vautard (3) , Guillaume Levavasseur (3) , Clemens Schwingshackl (5) , Jana Sillmann (5) , Erik Kjellström (7) , Grigory Nikulin (7) , Emma Aalbers (2) , Geert Lenderink (2) , Ole B. Christensen (8) , Fredrik Boberg (8) , Silje Lund Sørland (9) , Marie-Estelle Demory (9) , Katharina Bülow (10) , Claas Teichmann (10) , Kirsten Warrach-Sagi (11) , Volker Wulfmeyer (11)

1 ICTP - Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics [Trieste]
2 KNMI - Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute
3 LSCE - Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette]
4 Météo-France
5 CICERO - Center for International Climate and Environmental Research [Oslo]
6 GMGEC - Groupe de Météorologie de Grande Échelle et Climat
7 SMHI - Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute
8 DMI - Danish Meteorological Institute
9 ETH Zürich - Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich]
10 GERICS - Climate Service Center [Hambourg]
11 Universität Hohenheim

This paper analyzes the ensemble of regional climate model (RCM) projections for Europe completed within the EURO CORDEX project. Projections are available for the two greenhouse gas concentration scenarios RCP2.6 (22 members) and RCP8.5 (55 members) at 0.11° resolution from 11 RCMs driven by eight global climate models (GCMs). The RCM ensemble results are compared with the driving CMIP5 global models but also with a subset of available last generation CMIP6 projections. Maximum warming is projected by all ensembles in Northern Europe in winter, along with a maximum precipitation increase there; in summer, maximum warming occurs in the Mediterranean and Southern European regions associated with a maximum precipitation decrease. The CMIP6 ensemble shows the largest signals, both for temperature and precipitation, along with the largest inter model spread. There is a high model consensus across the ensembles on an increase of extreme precipitation and drought frequency in the Mediterranean region. Extreme temperature indices show an increase of heat extremes and a decrease of cold extremes, with CMIP6 showing the highest values and EURO CORDEX the finest spatial details. This data set of unprecedented size and quality will provide the basis for impact assessment and climate service activities for the European region.

Keywords: EURO CORDEX; regional climate modeling; global model; CMIP5; CMIP6; climate impact indices

Domains: Sciences of the Universe [physics]

Erika Coppola, Rita Nogherotto, James M. Ciarlo, Filippo Giorgi, Erik van Meijgaard, et al.. Assessment of the European climate projections as simulated by the large EURO CORDEX regional and global climate model ensemble. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 2021, 126, pp.e2019JD032356. ⟨10.1029/2019JD032356⟩. ⟨insu-03660176⟩