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Article Dans Une Revue Astronomy and Astrophysics - A&A Année : 2014

Multiwavelength campaign on Mrk 509. XIII. Testing ionized-reflection models on Mrk 509

R. Boissay
  • Fonction : Auteur
S. Paltani
G. Ponti
  • Fonction : Auteur
S. Bianchi
M. Cappi
  • Fonction : Auteur
J. S. Kaastra
  • Fonction : Auteur
N. Arav
  • Fonction : Auteur
G. Branduardi-Raymont
  • Fonction : Auteur
E. Costantini
  • Fonction : Auteur
J. Ebrero
  • Fonction : Auteur
G. A. Kriss
  • Fonction : Auteur
M. Mehdipour
C. Pinto
  • Fonction : Auteur
K. C. Steenbrugge
  • Fonction : Auteur

Résumé

Active galactic nuclei (AGN) are the most luminous persistent objects in the universe. The X-ray domain is particularly important because the X-ray flux represents a significant fraction of the bolometric emission from such objects and probes the innermost regions of accretion disks, where most of this power is generated. An excess of X-ray emission below ~2 keV, called soft-excess, is very common in Type 1 AGN spectra. The origin of this feature remains debated. Originally modeled with a blackbody, there are now several possibilities to model the soft-excess, including warm Comptonization and blurred ionized reflection. In this paper, we test ionized-reflection models on Mrk 509, a bright Seyfert 1 galaxy for which we have a unique data set, in order to determine whether it can be responsible for the strong soft-excess. We use ten simultaneous XMM-Newton and INTEGRAL observations performed every four days. We present here the results of the spectral analysis, the evolution of the parameters, and the variability properties of the X-ray emission. The application of blurred ionized-reflection models leads to a very strong reflection and an extreme geometry, but fails to reproduce the broad-band spectrum of Mrk 509. Two different scenarios for blurred ionized reflection are discussed: stable geometry and lamp-post configuration. In both cases we find that the model parameters do not follow the expected relations, indicating that the model is fine-tuned to fit the data without physical justification. A large, slow variation in the soft-excess without a counterpart in the hard X-rays could be explained by a change in ionization of the reflector. However, such a change does not naturally follow from the assumed geometrical configuration. Warm Comptonization remains the most probable origin of the soft-excess in this object. Nevertheless, it is possible that both ionized reflection and warm Comptonization mechanisms can explain the soft-excess in all objects, one dominating the other one, depending on the physical conditions of the disk and the corona.
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insu-03618560 , version 1 (24-03-2022)

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R. Boissay, S. Paltani, G. Ponti, S. Bianchi, M. Cappi, et al.. Multiwavelength campaign on Mrk 509. XIII. Testing ionized-reflection models on Mrk 509. Astronomy and Astrophysics - A&A, 2014, 567, ⟨10.1051/0004-6361/201423494⟩. ⟨insu-03618560⟩
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