Constraining the structure of the transition disk HD 135344B (SAO 206462) by simultaneous modeling of multiwavelength gas and dust observations

A. Carmona (1) , C. Pinte (2, 1) , W. F. Thi (1) , M. Benisty (1) , F. Ménard (2, 1) , C. Grady , I. Kamp , P. Woitke , J. Olofsson , A. Roberge , S. Brittain , G. Duchêne (1) , G. Meeus , C. Martin-Zaïdi (1) , B. Dent , J. B. Le Bouquin (1) , J. P. Berger (1)

1 IPAG - Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble
2 LFCA - Laboratoire Franco-Chilien d'Astronomie

Context. Constraining the gas and dust disk structure of transition disks, particularly in the inner dust cavity, is a crucial step toward understanding the link between them and planet formation. HD 135344B is an accreting (pre-)transition disk that displays the CO 4.7 μm emission extending tens of AU inside its 30 AU dust cavity.
Aims: We constrain HD 135344B's disk structure from multi-instrument gas and dust observations.
Methods: We used the dust radiative transfer code MCFOST and the thermochemical code ProDiMo to derive the disk structure from the simultaneous modeling of the spectral energy distribution (SED), VLT/CRIRES CO P(10) 4.75 μm, Herschel/PACS [O i] 63 μm, Spitzer/IRS, and JCMT ¹²CO J = 3-2 spectra, VLTI/PIONIER H-band visibilities, and constraints from (sub-)mm continuum interferometry and near-IR imaging.
Results: We found a disk model able to describe the current gas and dust observations simultaneously. This disk has the following structure. (1) To simultaneously reproduce the SED, the near-IR interferometry data, and the CO ro-vibrational emission, refractory grains (we suggest carbon) are present inside the silicate sublimation radius (0.08 100 to account for the 870 μm continuum upper limit and the CO P(10) line flux. (5) The gas-to-dust ratio in the outer disk (30 Conclusions: Simultaneous modeling of the gas and dust is required to break the model degeneracies and constrain the disk structure. An increasing gas surface density with radius in the inner cavity echoes the effect of a migrating jovian planet in the disk structure. The low gas mass (a few Jupiter masses) throughout the HD 135344B disk supports the idea that it is an evolved disk that has already lost a large portion of its mass.

Based on PIONIER, CRIRES, and UVES observations collected at the VLTI and VLT (European Southern Observatory, Paranal, Chile) with programs 087.C-0702(A,B,D), 087.C-0458(C), 087.C-0703(B), 179.C-0151(A), 077.C-0521(A).Herschel is an ESA space observatory with science instruments provided by European-led Principal Investigator consortia and with important participation from NASA.Appendix A is available in electronic form at http://www.aanda.org

Keywords: Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics; protoplanetary disks; stars: pre-main sequence; planets and satellites: formation; techniques: high angular resolution; techniques: interferometric; stars: individual: HD 135344B (SAO 206462)

Domains: Sciences of the Universe [physics]; Astrophysics [astro-ph]

A. Carmona, C. Pinte, W. F. Thi, M. Benisty, F. Ménard, et al.. Constraining the structure of the transition disk HD 135344B (SAO 206462) by simultaneous modeling of multiwavelength gas and dust observations. Astronomy and Astrophysics - A&A, 2014, 567, ⟨10.1051/0004-6361/201322534⟩. ⟨insu-03618559⟩