Solar Soft X-ray Irradiance Variability, I: Segmentation of Hinode/XRT Full-Disk Images and Comparison with GOES (1 – 8 Å) X-Ray Flux

H. N. Adithya (1, 2) , Rangaiah Kariyappa (3, 2) , Imada Shinsuke (2) , Kusano Kanya (2) , Joe Zender (4) , Luc Damé (5) , Giono Gabriel (6) , Edward Deluca (7) , Mark Weber (7)

1 YIESPL - Young Innovators Educational Services Pvt. Ltd
2 ISEE - Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research [Nagoya]
3 IIA - Indian Institute of Astrophysics
4 ESTEC - European Space Research and Technology Centre
5 HELIOS - LATMOS
6 Department of Space and Plasma Physics [Stockholm]
7 CfA - Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics

It is of great interest and importance to study the variabilities of solar EUV, UV and X-ray irradiance in heliophysics, in Earth’s climate, and space weather applications. A careful study is required to identify, track, monitor and segment the different coronal features such as active regions (ARs), coronal holes (CHs), the background regions (BGs) and the X-ray bright points (XBPs) from spatially resolved full-disk images of the Sun. Variability of solar soft X-ray irradiance is studied for a period of 13 years (February 2007–March 2020, covers Solar Cycle 24), using the X-Ray Telescope on board the Hinode (Hinode/XRT) and GOES (1 – 8 Å). The full-disk X-ray images observed in Al_mesh filter from XRT are used, for the first time, to understand the solar X-ray irradiance variability measured, Sun as a star, by GOES instrument. An algorithm in Python has been developed and applied to identify and segment coronal X-ray features (ARs, CHs, BGs, and XBPs) from the full-disk soft X-ray observations of Hinode/XRT

Domains: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics [astro-ph.SR]

H. N. Adithya, Rangaiah Kariyappa, Imada Shinsuke, Kusano Kanya, Joe Zender, et al.. Solar Soft X-ray Irradiance Variability, I: Segmentation of Hinode/XRT Full-Disk Images and Comparison with GOES (1 – 8 Å) X-Ray Flux. Solar Physics, 2021, 296 (4), pp.art. 71. ⟨10.1007/s11207-021-01785-6⟩. ⟨insu-03203005⟩