Mechanism of construction-destruction of macrostructural patterns in perthitic microcline as complex systems.
Mecanismos de construcción-destrucción de patrones macroestructurales en microclimas como sistemas complejos
Résumé
The structures of microcline perthites collected from granitic pegmatites have been studied at different observation scales using optical microscopy (OM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Al-27 MASS-NMR spectroscopy, and electron microprobe (EMPA) with Na mappings. Pegmatite perthites are identified as complex systems. During the cooling process, K-rich feldspars display two separated genetic periods of recrystallization, each one with variable intensity along different samples. During the first period, in the mineral structure a progressive construction of macrostructural pseudo-periodic patterns is produced. These regular patterns emerge due to a combined mechanism of non-ergodic Si/Al local ordering and a global cooperative effect of the crystal structure. From the incoherent Na/K interfaces arise transformation fronts (avalanches) which can coalesce longitudinally and juxtapose transversally to self-assemble into irregular domains. Finally, they can evolve up to create regular twin-domains (Albite and Pericline laws) as the crystal unit of the macrostructural building. This self-organization process is activated when the system is open to water circulation acting as a catalyst of Al/Si ordering in the feldspar lattice linked with an external stimulation by shear tectonic stress. During the second period the structural patterns, previously created, are destroyed by (i) relaxation and deformation twinning mechanisms, (ii) coarsening of twin-domains produced by dissolution-precipitation due to aqueous fluids interactions at low temperature, (iii) reorientation of Pericline-law twin-domains to the Albite-law orientation.