R. E. Arvidson, P. R. Christensen, J. Garvin, and M. Mellon, On the distribution and implications of mantled and exhumed terrains on Mars, paper presented at Solar System Remote Sensing Symposium, Lunar and Planet. Inst, 2002.

D. C. Berman and W. K. Hartmann, Recent fluvial, volcanic, and tectonic activity on the Cerberus plains of Mars, vol.159, pp.1-17, 2002.

D. Biccari, M. Cartacci, P. Lanza, G. Picardi, D. Quattrocchi et al., Ionosphere phase dispersion compensation, 2001.

D. M. Burr, J. A. Grier, A. S. Mcewen, and L. P. Keszthelyi, Repeated aqueous flooding from the Cerberus plains of Mars, Icarus, vol.159, pp.53-73, 2002.

B. A. Campbell, Radar Remote Sensing of Planetary Surfaces, pp.137-138, 2002.

B. A. Campbell and M. K. Shepard, Coherent and incoherent components in near-nadir radar scattering: Applications to radar sounding of Mars, J. Geophys. Res, vol.108, issue.E12, p.5132, 2003.

M. H. Carr, Mars: A water-rich planet?, Icarus, vol.68, issue.86, pp.90019-90028, 1986.

M. H. Carr, Water on Mars, 1996.

S. M. Clifford, A model for the hydrologic and climatic behavior of water on Mars, J. Geophys. Res, vol.98, pp.973-984, 1993.

S. M. Clifford and T. J. Parker, The evolution of the Martian hydrosphere: Implications for the fate of a primordial ocean and the current state of the northern plains, Icarus, vol.154, pp.40-79, 2001.

B. Diez, W. C. Feldman, N. Mangold, D. Baratoux, S. Maurice et al., Contribution of Mars Odyssey GRS at Central Elysium Planitia, Icarus, pp.19-29, 0200.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00357223

T. Farr, National Research Council planetary decadal study: Terrestrial analogs to Mars, report, Natl. Res. Counc, 2001.

W. C. Feldman, Global distribution of near-surface hydrogen on Mars, J. Geophys. Res, vol.109, p.9006, 2004.

R. E. Grimm, E. Heggy, S. Clifford, C. Dinwiddie, R. Mcginnis et al., Absorption and scattering in ground-penetrating radar: Analysis of the Bishop Tuff, J. Geophys. Res, vol.111, pp.6-8, 2006.

J. K. Harmon, M. P. Sulzer, P. J. Perillat, and J. F. Chandler, Mars Radar mapping strong backscatter from the Elysium Basin and outflow channel, Icarus, vol.95, pp.153-156, 1992.

J. W. Head, D. R. Marchant, M. C. Agnew, C. I. Fassett, and M. A. Kreslavsky, Extensive valley glacier deposits in the northern mid-latitudes of Mars: Evidence for late Amazonian obliquity-driven climate change, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett, vol.241, pp.663-671, 2006.

E. Heggy, P. Paillou, F. Costard, N. Mangold, G. Ruffie et al., Local geoelectrical models of the Martian subsurface for shallow groundwater detection using sounding radars, J. Geophys. Res, vol.108, issue.E4, p.8030, 2003.

E. Heggy, S. M. Clifford, R. E. Grimm, C. L. Dinwiddie, D. Y. Wyrick et al., Ground-penetrating radar sounding in mafic lava flows: Assessing attenuation and scattering losses in Mars-analog volcanic terrains, J. Geophys. Res, vol.111, pp.6-10, 2006.

E. Heggy, S. M. Clifford, A. Younsi, J. L. Miane, R. Carley et al., On the dielectric properties of dust and ice-dust mixtures: Experimental characterization of the Martian polar-layered deposits analog materials, Lunar Planet. Sci, 2007.

W. L. Jaeger, L. P. Keszthelyi, A. S. Macewen, C. M. Dundas, and P. S. Russell, Athabasca Valles, Mars: A lava-draped channel system, Science, vol.317, pp.1709-1711, 2007.

W. L. Jaeger, L. P. Keszthelyi, A. S. Macewen, C. M. Dundas, and P. S. Russell, Response to ''Comment on Athabasca Valles, Mars: A lava-draped channel system, Science, vol.320, p.1588, 2008.

J. M. Keller, Equatorial and midlatitude distribution of chlorine measured by Mars Odyssey GRS, J. Geophys. Res, vol.111, pp.3-08, 2006.

L. Keszthelyi, A. S. Mcewen, and T. Thordarson, Terrestrial analogs and thermal models for Martian flood lavas, J. Geophys. Res, vol.105, issue.E6, p.49, 2000.

L. Keszthelyi, T. Thordarson, A. S. Mcewen, H. Haack, M. Guilbaud et al., Icelandic analogs to Martian flood lavas, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst, vol.5, p.11014, 2004.

M. A. Kreslavsky and J. W. Head, Kilometer-scale roughness of Mars: Results from MOLA data analysis, J. Geophys. Res, vol.105, issue.E11, pp.695-721, 2000.

K. S. Kunz and R. J. Luebbers, The Finite Difference Time Domain Method for Electromagnetic, pp.30-31, 1993.

P. D. Lanagan, Geologic history of the Cerberus Plains, 2004.

J. B. Murray, Evidence from the Mars Express High Resolution Stereo Camera for a frozen sea close to Mars' equator, Nature, vol.434, pp.352-355, 2005.

R. Orosei, R. Bianchi, A. Coradini, S. Espinasse, C. Federico et al., Self-affine behavior of Martian topography at kilometer scale from Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter data, J. Geophys. Res, vol.108, issue.E4, p.8023, 2003.

D. Page, Mars: A lava-draped channel system, Comment on ''Athabasca Valles, vol.320, p.1588, 2008.

G. Picardi, Performance and surface scattering models for the Mars Advanced Radar for Subsurface and Ionosphere Sounding (MARSIS), Planet. Space Sci, vol.52, pp.149-156, 2004.

G. Picardi, Radar sounding of the subsurface of the Mars, Science, vol.310, 1925.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00359627

J. J. Plaut, A. Safaeinili, J. W. Holt, R. J. Phillips, J. W. Head et al., Radar evidence for ice in lobate debris aprons in the mid-northern latitudes of Mars, Geophys. Res. Lett, vol.36, p.2203, 2009.

J. B. Plescia, Cerberus Fossae, Elysium, Mars: A source for lava and water, Icarus, vol.164, pp.79-95, 2003.

J. W. Rice, T. J. Parker, A. J. Russel, and O. Knudsen, Morphology of fresh outflow channel deposits on Mars, Lunar Planet. Sci, 2002.

D. Rogers and P. R. Christensen, Age relationship of basaltic and andesitic surface compositions on Mars: Analysis of high-resolution TES observations of the northern hemisphere, J. Geophys. Res, vol.108, issue.E4, p.5030, 2003.

A. Safaeinili, W. Kofman, J. Nouvel, A. Herique, and R. L. Jordan, Impact of Mars ionosphere on orbital radar sounder operation and data processing, Planet. Space Sci, vol.51, issue.03, pp.48-53, 2003.

D. E. Smith and M. T. Zuber, The relationship between MOLA northern hemisphere topography and the 6.1-Mbar atmospheric pressure surface of Mars, Geophys. Res. Lett, vol.25, issue.24, pp.4397-4400, 1998.

D. E. Smith, Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter: Experiment summary after the first year of global mapping of Mars, J. Geophys. Res, vol.106, issue.E10, pp.689-712, 2001.

D. E. Smith, G. A. Neumann, R. E. Arvidson, E. Guinness, and S. Slavney, Mars Global Surveyor Laser Altimeter Mission Experiment Gridded Data Record, Planet. Data Syst, 2003.

K. R. Stockstill-cahill, F. S. Anderson, and V. E. Hamilton, A study of low-albedo deposits within Amazonis Planitia craters: Evidence for locally derived ultramafic to mafic materials, J. Geophys. Res, vol.113, p.7008, 2008.

M. J. Toplis, M. R. Maary, D. Baratoux, O. Gasnault, and P. C. Pinet, Are small differences in phosphorous content responsible for large differences in the composition of Terrestrial and Martian magmatic rocks?, Lunar Planet. Sci., XXXIX, abstract 1282, 2008.

J. Vaucher, D. Baratoux, M. J. Toplis, P. Pinet, N. Mangold et al., The morphologies of volcanic landforms at Central Elysium Planitia: Evidence for recent and fluid lavas on Mars, Icarus, pp.39-51, 0200.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00404809

S. C. Werner, S. Van-gasselt, and G. Neukum, Continual geological activity in Athabasca Valles, Mars, J. Geophys. Res, vol.108, issue.E12, p.8081, 2003.

K. S. Yee, Numerical solution of initial boundary value problems involving Maxwell equations in isotropic media, IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag, vol.14, issue.3, pp.302-307, 1966.

J. Boisson, E. Heggy, and P. Lognonné,

. Planetaire,

S. M. Clifford, L. , and P. Institute, Istituto di Astrofisica Spaziale e Fisica Cosmica, Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica, Via del Fosso del Cavaliere, vol.100

N. E. Putzig, Department of Space Studies, Suite, vol.300