Journal articles
Crustal and time-varying magnetic fields at the InSight landing site on Mars
Catherine Johnson
1, 2
Anna Mittelholz
3
Benoît Langlais
4
Christopher Russell
5
Véronique Ansan
4
Don Banfield
6
Peter Chi
7
Matthew Fillingim
8
François Forget
9
Heidi Fuqua Haviland
10
Matthew Golombek
11
Steve Joy
12
Philippe Lognonne
13
Xinping Liu
12
Chloé Michaut
14
Lu Pan
14
Cathy Quantin-Nataf
14
Aymeric Spiga
9, 15
Sabine Stanley
16, 17
Shea Thorne
18
Mark Wieczorek
19
Yanan Yu
12
Suzanne Smrekar
11
William Banerdt
15
Catherine L. Johnson 1, 2
Author
Anna Mittelholz 3
Author
Benoît Langlais 4
Author IdHAL : benoit-langlais ResearcherId : http://www.researcherid.com/rid/K-5366-2012 ORCID : https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5207-304X
Christopher T. Russell 5
Author
Véronique Ansan 4
Author IdHAL : veronique-ansan ORCID : https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4039-7965
Don Banfield 6
Author
Peter J. Chi 7
Author
Matthew O. Fillingim 8
Author
François Forget 9
Author IdHAL : francoisforget ORCID : https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3262-4366
Heidi Fuqua Haviland 10
Author
Matthew Golombek 11
Author
Steve Joy 12
Author
Philippe Lognonne 13
Author
Xinping Liu 12
Author
Chloé Michaut 14
Author Employer institution : École normale supérieure - Lyon
Lu Pan 14
Author Employer institution : Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1
Cathy Quantin-Nataf 14
Author Employer institution : Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1
Aymeric Spiga 9, 15
Author IdHAL : aymeric-spiga ResearcherId : http://www.researcherid.com/rid/O-4858-2014 ORCID : https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6776-6268
Sabine Stanley 16, 17
Author
Shea N. Thorne 18
Author
Mark Wieczorek 19
Author IdHAL : mark-wieczorek arXiv : https://arxiv.org/a/wieczorek_m_1 ResearcherId : http://www.researcherid.com/rid/G-6427-2010 ORCID : https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7007-4222
Yanan Yu 12
Author
Suzanne E. Smrekar 11
Author
William B. Banerdt 15
Author
1
Department of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (Department of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada - Canada)
2
Planetary Science Institute, Tucson, AZ, USA. (Planetary Science Institute, Tucson, AZ, USA. - United States)
3
UBC EOAS - Department of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences [Vancouver] (Faculty of Science, University of British Columbia, 2207 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4 - Canada)
- UBC - University of British Columbia (Vancouver Campus, , 2329 West Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4 / Okanagan Campus, 3333 University Way, Kelowna, BC, V1V 1V7 - Canada)
4
LPG - Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géodynamique [UMR 6112] (2 Rue de la Houssinière - BP 92208 44322 NANTES CEDEX 3 - France)
- UA - Université d'Angers : UMR6112 (Université d'Angers - 40 Rue de Rennes, BP 73532 - 49035 Angers CEDEX 01 - France)
- Université de Nantes - Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques : UMR6112 (2, rue de la Houssinière - BP 92208 - 44322 Nantes cedex 3 - France)
- UN - Université de Nantes (1, quai de Tourville - BP 13522 - 44035 Nantes cedex 1 - France)
- INSU - CNRS - Institut national des sciences de l'Univers : UMR6112 (INSU-CNRS 3 rue Michel-Ange, 75794 Paris Cedex 16 - France)
- CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique : UMR6112 (France)
5
EPSS - Department of Earth, Planetary and Space Sciences [Los Angeles] (Los Angeles, CA 90095-1567 - United States)
- UCLA - University of California [Los Angeles] ( Los Angeles, Californie 90095 - United States)
- University of California (United States)
6
Cornell University ( Ithaca, New York 14853 - United States)
7
Earth, Planetary and Space Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA. (Earth, Planetary and Space Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA. - United States)
8
SSL - Space Sciences Laboratory [Berkeley] (7 Gauss Way, Berkeley, CA 94720 - United States)
- University of California [Berkeley] (Berkeley, CA - United States)
- University of California (United States)
9
LMD - Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (UMR 8539) (LMD ENS 24 Rue Lhomond 75231 Paris Cedex 05 - France)
- UPMC - Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (4 place Jussieu - 75005 Paris - France)
- INSU - CNRS - Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU-CNRS 3 rue Michel-Ange, 75794 Paris Cedex 16 - France)
- X - École polytechnique (École polytechnique, 91128 Palaiseau Cedex - France)
- ENPC - École des Ponts ParisTech (École des Ponts ParisTech 6-8 avenue Blaise-Pascal Cité Descartes 77455 Champs-sur-Marne Marne-la-Vallée cedex 2 - France)
- CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique : UMR8539 (France)
- Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris (24 rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France - France)
- ENS Paris - École normale supérieure - Paris (45, Rue d'Ulm - 75230 Paris cedex 05 - France)
- PSL - Université Paris sciences et lettres (60 rue Mazarine 75006 Paris - France)
- ENS Paris - École normale supérieure - Paris (45, Rue d'Ulm - 75230 Paris cedex 05 - France)
10
Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA (Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA - United States)
11
JPL - Jet Propulsion Laboratory (4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA 91109-8099, USA - United States)
- NASA (www.nasa.gov - United States)
- CALTECH - California Institute of Technology (1200 East California Blvd, Pasadena, California 91125 - United States)
12
Earth, Planetary and Space Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA (Earth, Planetary and Space Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA - United States)
13
IPGP - Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP, 1 rue Jussieu, 75238 Paris cedex 05 ; Université Paris Diderot, Bât. Lamarck A case postale 7011, 75205 Paris CEDEX 13 - France)
- UPMC - Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (4 place Jussieu - 75005 Paris - France)
- INSU - CNRS - Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU-CNRS 3 rue Michel-Ange, 75794 Paris Cedex 16 - France)
- IPG PARIS (France)
- UPD7 - Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (5 rue Thomas-Mann - 75205 Paris cedex 13 - France)
- UR - Université de La Réunion (15, avenue René Cassin - CS92003 -97744 Saint Denis Cedex 9 - Réunion)
- CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique : UMR7154 (France)
14
LGL-TPE - Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement [Lyon] (2, rue Raphaël Dubois
69622 Villeurbanne Cedex - France)
- ENS Lyon - École normale supérieure - Lyon (15 parvis René Descartes - BP 7000 - 69342 Lyon Cedex 07 - France)
- UCBL - Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (43, boulevard du 11 novembre 1918, 69622 Villeurbanne cedex - France)
- Université de Lyon (92 rue Pasteur - CS 30122, 69361 Lyon Cedex 07 - France)
- INSU - CNRS - Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU-CNRS 3 rue Michel-Ange, 75794 Paris Cedex 16 - France)
- CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique : UMR5276 (France)
15
Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA (Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA - United States)
16
Morton K. Blaustein Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences [Baltimore] (3400 N. Charles streets, Baltimore MD 21218 - United States)
- JHU - Johns Hopkins University (Baltimore, Maryland 410-516-8000 - United States)
17
APL - Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] (11100 Johns Hopkins Road, Laurel, Maryland - United States)
18
Department of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. (Department of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. - )
19
LAGRANGE - Joseph Louis LAGRANGE (Boulevard de l'Observatoire B.P. 4229 06304 Nice Cedex 04 - France - France)
- CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique : UMR7293 (France)
- Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur (France)
- UCA - Université Côte d'Azur (Parc Valrose, 28 avenue Valrose 06108 Nice Cedex 2 - France)
- COMUE UCA - COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (Parc Valrose, 28 avenue Valrose 06108 Nice Cedex 2 - France)
- UNS - Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (Parc Valrose - BP 2135 - 06103 Nice cedex 2 - France)
- COMUE UCA - COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (Parc Valrose, 28 avenue Valrose 06108 Nice Cedex 2 - France)
- UCA - Université Côte d'Azur (Parc Valrose, 28 avenue Valrose 06108 Nice Cedex 2 - France)
Abstract : Magnetic fields provide a window into a planet’s interior structure and evolution, including its atmospheric and space environments. Satellites at Mars have measured crustal magnetic fields indicating an ancient dynamo. These crustal fields interact with the solar wind to generate transient fields and electric currents in Mars’s upper atmosphere. Surface magnetic field data play a key role in understanding these effects and the dynamo. Here we report measurements of magnetic field strength and direction at the InSight (Interior Exploration using Seismic Investigations, Geodesy and Heat Transport) landing site on Mars. We find that the field is ten times stronger than predicted by satellite-based models. We infer magnetized rocks beneath the surface, within ~150 km of the landing site, consistent with a past dynamo with Earth-like strength. Geological mapping and InSight seismic data suggest that much or all of the magnetization sources are carried in basement rocks, which are at least 3.9 billion years old and are overlain by between 200 m and ~10 km of lava flows and modified ancient terrain. Daily variations in the magnetic field indicate contributions from ionospheric currents at 120 km to 180 km altitude. Higher-frequency variations are also observed; their origin is unknown, but they probably propagate from even higher altitudes to the surface. We propose that the time-varying fields can be used to investigate the electrical conductivity structure of the martian interior
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Journal articles
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https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-02544796
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Submitted on : Monday, November 16, 2020 - 12:14:10 PM
Last modification on : Friday, January 8, 2021 - 12:16:04 PM
Contributor : Eva Fareau <>
Submitted on : Monday, November 16, 2020 - 12:14:10 PM
Last modification on : Friday, January 8, 2021 - 12:16:04 PM
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- HAL Id : insu-02544796, version 1
- DOI : 10.1038/s41561-020-0537-x
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ENPC-LMD | PARISTECH | UNIV-ANGERS | CNRS | UDL | IP_PARIS | SU-SCIENCES | USPC | UNIV-PARIS | PSL | LAGRANGE | UNICE | AFRIQ | INSU | SORBONNE-UNIVERSITE | ENS-PARIS | X | ENS-LYON | RIGL | LPG | IPGP | LMD | X-LMD | UNIV-LYON1 | UNIV-NANTES | X-DEP-MECA | OCA | LGL-TPE | ENPC | UNIV-COTEDAZUR | SU-TI
Citation
Catherine Johnson, Anna Mittelholz, Benoît Langlais, Christopher Russell, Véronique Ansan, et al.. Crustal and time-varying magnetic fields at the InSight landing site on Mars. Nature Geoscience, Nature Publishing Group, 2020, 13 (3), pp.199-204. ⟨10.1038/s41561-020-0537-x⟩. ⟨insu-02544796⟩
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