M. Wild, Global dimming and brightening: A review, J. Geophys. Res, vol.114, 2009.

M. Wild, Decadal changes in radiative fluxes at land and ocean surfaces and their relevance for global warming, WIREs Clim. Chang, vol.7, pp.1757-7780, 2016.

M. Wild, Enlightening Global Dimming and Brightening, Bull. Am. Meteor. Soc, vol.93, pp.27-37, 2012.

C. N. Long, E. G. Dutton, J. A. Augustine, W. Wiscombe, M. Wild et al., Significant decadal brightening of downwelling shortwave in the continental United States, J. Geophys. Res, vol.114, 2009.

H. W. Cutforth and D. Judiesch, Long-term changes to incoming solar energy on the Canadian prairie, Agric. For. Meteorol, vol.145, pp.167-175, 2007.

G. Stanhill and S. Cohen, Is solar dimming global or urban? Evidence from measurements in Israel between 1954 and, J. Geophys. Res, vol.114, 2007.

C. W. Stjern, J. E. Kristjansson, and V. Hansen, Global dimmingand global brightening: An analysis of surface radiation and cloud coverdata in northern Europe, Int. J. Climatol, vol.29, pp.643-653, 2009.

V. Russak, Changes in solar radiation and their influence on temperature trend in Estonia, 1955.

, J. Geophys. Res, vol.114, 2009.

B. P. Kumari and B. Goswamy, Seminal role of clouds on solar dimming over the Indian monsoon region, Geophys. Res. Lett, p.6703, 2010.

P. Zengxin, M. Feiyue, W. Wei, Z. Bo, L. Xin et al., Impacts of 3D Aerosol, Cloud, and Water Vapor Variations on the Recent Brightening during the South Asian Monsoon Season, Remote Sens, vol.10, p.651, 2018.

X. Xia, Spatiotemporal changes in sunshine duration and cloud amount as well as their relationship in China during 1954-2005, J. Geophys. Res, vol.115, 2010.

B. Liley, New Zealand dimming and brightening, J. Geophys. Res, vol.114, 2009.

A. Sanchez-lorenzo, M. Wild, M. Brunetti, J. A. Guijarro, M. Z. Hakuba et al., Reassessment and update of long-terms trends in downward surface shortwave radiation over Europe, J. Geophys. Res. Atmos, vol.120, pp.9555-9569, 2015.

V. Manara, M. Brunetti, A. Celozzi, M. Maugeri, A. Sanchez-lorenzo et al., Detection of dimming/brightening in Italy from homogenized all-sky and clear-sky surface solar radiation records and underlying causes, Atmos. Chem. Phys, vol.16, pp.11145-11161, 2016.

S. Kazadzis, D. Founda, B. E. Psiloglou, H. Kambezidis, N. Mihalopoulos et al., Long-term series and trends in surface solar radiation in, Atmos. Chem. Phys, vol.18, pp.2395-2411, 2018.

U. Pfeifroth, A. Sanchez-lorenzo, V. Manara, J. Trentmann, and R. Hollmann, Trends and variability of surface solar radiation in Europe based on surface-and satellite-based data records, J. Geophys. Res. Atmos, vol.123, pp.1735-1754, 2018.

G. Alexandri, A. K. Georgoulias, C. Meleti, D. Balis, K. A. Kourtidis et al., A high resolution satelliteview of surface solar radiation over the climatically sensitive region of eastern Mediterranean, Atmos. Res, vol.188, pp.107-121, 2017.

H. D. Kampezidis, D. G. Kaskaoutis, S. K. Kharol, K. K. Moorthy, S. K. Satheesh et al., Multi-decadal variation of the net downward shortwave radiation over southAsia: The solar dimming effect, Atmos. Environ, vol.50, pp.360-372, 2012.

L. M. Hinkelman, P. W. Jr, B. A. Wielicki, T. Zhang, and S. R. Wilson, Surface insolation trends from satellite and ground measurements: Comparisons and challenges, J. Geophys. Res, vol.114, 2009.

N. Hatzianastassiou, C. D. Papadimas, C. Matsoukas, K. Pavlakis, A. Fotiadi et al., Vardavas, I. Recent regional surface solar radiation dimming and brightening patterns: Inter-hemispherical asymmetry and a dimming in the Southern Hemisphere, Atmos. Sci. Let, vol.13, pp.43-48, 2012.

, Cloud Data Products, International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project (ISCCP), 2020.

. Ipcc, Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change

J. T. Houghton, Y. Ding, D. J. Griggs, M. Noguer, P. J. Van-der-linden et al., , p.881, 2001.

. Ipcc, Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the IPCC

S. Solomon, D. Qin, M. Manning, Z. Chen, M. Marquis et al., , p.996, 2007.

. Ipcc, Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change

T. F. Stocker, D. Qin, G. Plattner, M. Tignor, S. K. Allen et al., , p.1535, 2013.

I. Vardavas and F. W. Taylor, Radiation and Climate, International Series of Monographs on Physics, p.512, 2011.

J. H. Joseph, W. Wiscombe, and J. Weinman, The delta-Eddington approximation for radiative flux transfer, J. Atmos. Sci, vol.33, pp.2452-2459, 1976.

N. Hatzianastassiou, C. Matsoukas, A. Fotiadi, K. G. Pavlakis, E. Drakakis et al., Vardavas, I. Global distribution of Earth's surface shortwave radiation budget, Atmos. Chem. Phys, vol.5, pp.2847-2867, 2005.

N. Benas, N. Hatzianastassiou, C. Matsoukas, A. Fotiadi, N. Mihalopoulos et al., Aerosol shortwave direct radiative effect and forcing based on MODIS Level 2 data in the Eastern Mediterranean (Crete), Atmos. Chem. Phys, vol.11, pp.12647-12662, 2011.

C. D. Papadimas, N. Hatzianastassiou, C. Matsoukas, M. Kanakidou, and N. Mihalopoulos, Vardavas, I. The direct effect of aerosols on solar radiation over the broader Mediterranean basin, Atmos. Chem. Phys, vol.12, pp.7165-7185, 2012.

N. C. Hsu, M. Jeong, C. Bettenhausen, A. M. Sayer, R. Hansell et al., Enhanced Deep Blue aerosol retrieval algorithm: The second generation, J. Geophys. Res. Atmos, vol.118, pp.9296-9315, 2013.

A. M. Sayer, L. A. Munchak, N. C. Hsu, R. C. Levy, C. Bettenhausen et al., MODIS Collection 6 aerosol products: Comparison between Aqua's e-Deep Blue, Dark Target, and "merged" data sets, and usage recommendations, J. Geophys. Res. Atmos, vol.119, pp.13965-13989, 2014.

R. C. Levy, S. Mattoo, L. A. Munchak, L. A. Remer, A. M. Sayer et al., The Collection 6 MODIS aerosol products over land and ocean, Atmos. Meas. Technol, vol.6, pp.2989-3034, 2013.

P. Koepke, M. Hess, I. Schult, and E. P. Shettle, Global Aerosol Data Set; Rep. No, issue.243, p.44, 1997.

W. B. Rossow and R. A. Schiffer, Advances in understanding clouds from, ISCCP. Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc, vol.80, pp.2261-2287, 1999.

R. Kistler, E. Kalnay, W. Collins, S. Saha, G. White et al., The NCEP-NCAR 50 year reanalysis: Monthly means CD-ROM and documentation, vol.82, pp.247-267, 2001.

P. Forster, V. Ramaswamy, P. Artaxo, T. Berntsen, R. Betts et al., Changes in Atmospheric Constituents and in Radiative Forcing, Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis

S. Solomon, D. Qin, M. Manning, Z. Chen, M. Marquis et al., , 2007.

A. Ohmura, H. Gilgen, and M. Wild, Global Energy Balance Archive GEBA, World Climate Program-Water Project A7

, Zuercher Geografische Schriften; Verlag der Fachvereine, p.62, 1989.

H. Gilgen, M. Wild, and A. Ohmura, Means and trends of shortwave irradiance at the surface estimated from GEBA, J. Clim, vol.11, pp.2042-2061, 1998.

A. Ohmura, E. G. Dutton, B. Forgan, C. Frohlich, H. Gilgen et al., Baseline Surface Radiation Network (BSRN/WCRP): New precision radiometry for climate research, Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc, vol.79, pp.2115-2136, 1998.

M. Wild, A. Ohmura, C. Schar, G. Muller, D. Folini et al., The Global Energy Balance Archive (GEBA) version 2017: A database for worldwide measured surface energy fluxes, Earth Syst. Sci. Data, vol.9, pp.601-613, 2017.

, Global Energy Balance Archive (GEBA), 2020.

A. Driemel, J. Augustine, K. Behrens, S. Colle, C. Cox et al., Baseline Surface Radiation Network (BSRN): Structure and data description, vol.10, pp.1491-1501, 1992.

, Baseline Surface Radiation Network (BSRN), World Radiation Monitoring Center (WRMC), 2020.

M. Wild, D. Folini, C. Schar, N. Loeb, E. G. Dutton et al., The global energy balance from a surface perspective, Clim. Dyn, vol.40, pp.3107-3134, 2013.

H. B. Mann, Non-parametric test against trend, Econometrica, vol.13, pp.245-259, 1945.

M. G. Kendall, Rank Correlation Methods, 1975.

M. Yu, L. Yong, S. Yanbo, L. Hong, and L. Shikui, Regional long-term trend of ground solar radiation in China over the past 50 years, Sci. China Earth Sci, vol.56, pp.1242-1253, 2012.

Z. Zhigao, W. Lunche, L. Aiwen, Z. Ming, and N. Zigeng, Innovative trend analysis of solar radiation in China during 1962-2015, Renew. Energy, vol.119, pp.675-689, 2017.

A. Ohmura, Observed decadal variations in surface solar radiation and their causes, J. Geophys. Res, vol.114, pp.0-05, 2009.

A. Sanchez-lorenzo and M. Wild, Decadal variations in estimated surface solar radiation over Switzerland since the late 19th century, Atmos. Chem. Phys, vol.12, pp.8635-8644, 2012.

A. Sanchez-lorenzo, A. Enriquez-alonso, M. Wild, J. Trentmann, S. M. Vicente-serrano et al., Trends in downward surface solar radiation from satellites and ground observations over Europe during 1983-2010, Remote Sens. Environ, vol.189, pp.108-117, 2016.

A. Pozzer, A. De-meij, J. Yoon, H. Tost, A. K. Georgoulias et al., AOD trends during 2001-2010 from observations and model simulations, Atmos. Chem. Phys, vol.15, pp.5521-5535, 2015.

X. Zhang, S. Liang, M. Wild, and B. Jiang, Analysis of surface incident shortwave radiation from four satellite products, Remote Sens. Environ, vol.165, pp.186-202, 2015.

M. Wild, A. Ohmura, and K. Makowski, Impact of global dimming and brightening on global warming, Geophys. Res. Lett, vol.34, p.4702, 2007.

I. Medhaug, M. B. Stolpe, E. M. Fischer, and R. Knutti, Reconciling controversies about the 'global warming hiatus, vol.545, pp.41-47, 2017.

, This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license, © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI