The human imperative of stabilizing global climate change at 1.5°C

Abstract : Increased concentrations of atmospheric greenhouse gases have led to a global mean surface temperature 1.0 degrees C higher than during the pre-industrial period. We expand on the recent IPCC Special Report on global warming of 1.5 degrees C and review the additional risks associated with higher levels of warming, each having major implications for multiple geographies, climates, and ecosystems. Limiting warming to 1.5 degrees C rather than 2.0 degrees C would be required to maintain substantial proportions of ecosystems and would have clear benefits for human health and economies. These conclusions are relevant for people everywhere, particularly in low- and middle-income countries, where the escalation of climate-related risks may prevent the achievement of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals.