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Martian dust storm impact on atmospheric H2O and D/H observed by ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter

Ann Carine Vandaele 1 Daria Betsis 2 Yuriy S. Ivanov 3 Bojan Ristic 1 Håkan Svedhem 4 Jorge L. Vago 4 José-Juan López-Moreno 5 Giancarlo Bellucci 6 Gustavo Alonso-Rodrigo 7 Shohei Aoki 1 Sophie Bauduin 8 David Bolsée 1 Giacomo Carrozzo 6 R. Todd Clancy 9 Edward Cloutis 10 Matteo Crismani 11 Frank Daerden 1 Fabiana da Pieve 1 Emiliano D’aversa 6 Cédric Depiesse 1 Justin T. Erwin 1 Giuseppe Etiope 6 Bernd Funke 5 Didier Fussen 1 Maia Garcia-Comas 5 Anna Geminale 6 Jean-Claude Gérard 12 Marco Giuranna 6 Leo Gkouvelis 12 Francisco Gonzalez-Galindo 5 James Holmes 13 Benoît Hubert 12 Nicolay I. Ignatiev 2 Jacek Kaminski 14 Özgür Karatekin 15 David Kass 16 Armin Kleinböhl 16 Orietta Lanciano 17 Stephen Lewis 13 Giuliano Liuzzi 11 Manuel López-Puertas 5 Arnaud Mahieux 1 Jon Mason 13 Michael J. Mumma 11 Hiromu Nakagawa 18 Lori Neary 1 Eddy Neefs 1 Robert E. Novak 11 Fabrizio Oliva 6 Arianna Piccialli 1 Etienne Renotte 19 Birgit Ritter 12 Séverine Robert 1 Frédéric Schmidt 20 Nick Schneider 21 Giuseppe Sindoni 17 Michael D. Smith 11 Nicholas A. Teanby 22 Ed Thiemann 21 Alexander Trokhimovskiy 2 Loic Trompet 1 Jean Vander Auwera 23 Geronimo Villanueva 11 Sébastien Viscardy 1 James Whiteway 24 Yannick Willame 1 Michael J. Wolff 9 Paulina Wolkenberg 6 Roger Yelle 25 Juan Alday 26 Francesca Altieri 6 Konstantin Anufreychik 2 Gabriele Arnold 27 Lucio Baggio 28 Denis A. Belyaev 2 Jean-Loup Bertaux 28, 2 Natalia Duxbury 29 Anna A. Fedorova 2 François Forget 30 Thierry Fouchet 31 Davide Grassi 6 Alexey V. Grigoriev 2 Sandrine Guerlet 30 Paul Hartogh 32 Nikolay I. Ignatiev 2 Yasumasa Kasaba 18 Igor Khatuntsev 2 Nikita Kokonkov 2 Oleg Korablev 2 Vladimir Krasnopolsky 33 Ruslan Kuzmin 2 Gaetan Lacombe 28 Franck Lefèvre 28 Emmanuel Lellouch 31 Miguel Lopez-Valverde 5 Igor Maslov 2 Mikhail Luginin 2 Anni Määttänen 28 Emmanuel Marcq 28 Javier Martin-Torres 34 Alexander Medvedev 32 Ehouarn Millour 30 Franck Montmessin 28 Boris Moshkin 2 Kevin Olsen 28 Manish R. Patel 13 Andrey Patrakeev 2 Dmitry Patsaev 2 Cathy Quantin-Nataf 35 Daniel Rodionov 2 Alexander Rodin 36 Alexey Shakun 2 Valery Shematovich 37 Ian R. Thomas 1 Nicolas Thomas 38 Alexander Trokhimovsky 2 Luis Vázquez 39 Matthieu Vincendon 40 Valérie Wilquet 1 Colin F. Wilson 26 Roland Young 30 Ludmila Zasova 2 Lev Zelenyi 2 Maria Paz Zorzano 41
1 BIRA-IASB - Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy / Institut d'Aéronomie Spatiale de Belgique
2 IKI - Space Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences
3 MAO - Main Astronomical Observatory of NAS of Ukraine
4 ESTEC - European Space Research and Technology Centre
5 IAA - Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía
6 IAPS - Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali - INAF
7 IDR - Instituto Universitario de Microgravedad "Ignacio Da Riva"
8 Spectroscopie de l'atmosphère, Service de Chimie Quantique et Photophysique
9 SSI - Space Science Institute [Boulder]
10 Department of Geography [Winnipeg]
11 GSFC - NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
12 LPAP - Laboratoire de Physique Atmosphérique et Planétaire
13 School of Physical Sciences [Milton Keynes]
14 Institute of Geophysics [Warsaw]
15 ROB - Royal Observatory of Belgium [Brussels]
16 JPL - Jet Propulsion Laboratory
17 ASI - Agenzia Spaziale Italiana
18 Graduate School of Information Sciences [Sendai]
19 AMOS - Advanced Mechanical and Optical Systems SA
20 GEOPS - Géosciences Paris Sud
21 LASP - Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics [Boulder]
22 School of Earth Sciences [Bristol]
23 ULB - Université libre de Bruxelles
24 CRESS - Centre for Research in Earth and Space Science [Toronto]
25 LPL - Lunar and Planetary Laboratory [Tucson]
26 Department of Physics [Oxford]
27 DLR Institut für Planetenforschung
28 PLANETO - LATMOS
LATMOS - Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales
29 MSU - Lomonosov Moscow State University
30 LMD - Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (UMR 8539)
31 LESIA (UMR_8109) - Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique
32 MPS - Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung
33 Institute for Astrophysics and Computational Sciences [Washington]
34 Department of Computer Science, Electrical and Space Engineering [Luleå]
35 LGL-TPE - Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement [Lyon]
36 MIPT - Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology [Moscow]
37 INASAN - Institute of Astronomy of the Russian Academy of Sciences
38 University of Bern
39 UCM - Universidad Complutense de Madrid [Madrid]
40 IAS - Institut d'astrophysique spatiale
41 CAB - Centro de Astrobiologia [Madrid]
Abstract : Global dust storms on Mars are rare1,2 but can affect the Martian atmosphere for several months. They can cause changes in atmospheric dynamics and inflation of the atmosphere3, primarily owing to solar heating of the dust3. In turn, changes in atmospheric dynamics can affect the distribution of atmospheric water vapour, with potential implications for the atmospheric photochemistry and climate on Mars4. Recent observations of the water vapour abundance in the Martian atmosphere during dust storm conditions revealed a high-altitude increase in atmospheric water vapour that was more pronounced at high northern latitudes5,6, as well as a decrease in the water column at low latitudes7,8. Here we present concurrent, high-resolution measurements of dust, water and semiheavy water (HDO) at the onset of a global dust storm, obtained by the NOMAD and ACS instruments onboard the ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter. We report the vertical distribution of the HDO/H2O ratio (D/H) from the planetary boundary layer up to an altitude of 80 kilometres. Our findings suggest that before the onset of the dust storm, HDO abundances were reduced to levels below detectability at altitudes above 40 kilometres. This decrease in HDO coincided with the presence of water-ice clouds. During the storm, an increase in the abundance of H2O and HDO was observed at altitudes between 40 and 80 kilometres. We propose that these increased abundances may be the result of warmer temperatures during the dust storm causing stronger atmospheric circulation and preventing ice cloud formation, which may confine water vapour to lower altitudes through gravitational fall and subsequent sublimation of ice crystals3. The observed changes in H2O and HDO abundance occurred within a few days during the development of the dust storm, suggesting a fast impact of dust storms on the Martian atmosphere.
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ENS-LYON | PSL | USPC | GEOPS | SORBONNE-UNIVERSITE | SU-SCIENCES | UDL | UNIV-PARIS | UP-SCIENCES | UVSQ | LGL-TPE | OBSPM | INSU | UNIV-PARIS7 | X | ENS-PARIS | ENPC | CNRS | UNIV-LYON1 | LESIA | ENPC-LMD | LMD | LATMOS | PARISTECH | X-DEP-MECA | X-LMD | SU-TI | GS-ENGINEERING

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Ann Carine Vandaele, Daria Betsis, Yuriy S. Ivanov, Bojan Ristic, Håkan Svedhem, et al.. Martian dust storm impact on atmospheric H2O and D/H observed by ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter. Nature, Nature Publishing Group, 2019, 568, pp.521-525. ⟨10.1038/s41586-019-1097-3⟩. ⟨insu-02099160⟩

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