Journal articles
Background levels of methane in Mars’ atmosphere show strong seasonal variations
Christopher R. Webster
1
Paul R. Mahaffy
2
Sushil K. Atreya
3
John E. Moores
4
Gregory Flesch
1
Charles Malespin
2
Christopher P. Mckay
5
German Martinez
3
Christina L. Smith
4
Javier Martin-Torres
6, 7
Javier Gomez-Elvira
8
Maria-Paz Zorzano
8, 6
Michael H. Wong
3
Melissa Grady Trainer
2
Andrew Steele
9
P. Douglas Archer Jr.
10
Brad Sutter
10
Patrice J. Coll
11
Caroline Freissinet
12
Pierre-Yves Meslin
13
Raina V. Gough
14, 15
Christopher H House
16
Alexander Pavlov
2
Jennifer L. Eigenbrode
2
Daniel P. Glavin
2
John Pearson
1
Didier Keymeulen
1
Lance Christensen
1
Susanne P. Schwenzer
17, 18
Rafael Navarro-González
19
Jorge Pla-Garcia
8, 20
Scot C. R. Rafkin
21
Álvaro Vicente-Retortillo
3
Henrik Kahanpää
22
Daniel Viudez-Moreiras
8
Michael D. Smith
2
Ari Matti Harri
22
Maria Genzer
22
Donald M. Hassler
21
Mark Lemmon
23
Joy A. Crisp
1
Stanley P. Sander
1
Richard W. Zurek
1
Ashwin Vasavada
1
Christopher R. Webster 1
Author
Paul R. Mahaffy 2
Mail :
Author
Sushil K. Atreya 3
Author
John E. Moores 4
Author
Gregory Flesch 1
Author
Charles Malespin 2
Mail :
Author
Christopher P. Mckay 5
Author
German Martinez 3
Author
Christina L. Smith 4
Author
Javier Martin-Torres 6, 7
Author
Javier Gomez-Elvira 8
Author
Maria-Paz Zorzano 8, 6
Author
Michael H. Wong 3
Author
Melissa Grady Trainer 2
Author
Andrew Steele 9
Author
P. Douglas Archer Jr. 10
Author
Brad Sutter 10
Mail :
Author
Patrice J. Coll 11
Author
Caroline Freissinet 12
Mail :
Author IdHAL : caroline-freissinet ORCID : https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6528-330X
Pierre-Yves Meslin 13
Author
Raina V. Gough 14, 15
Author
Christopher H House 16
Author
Alexander Pavlov 2
Author
Jennifer L. Eigenbrode 2
Author
Daniel P. Glavin 2
Mail :
Author
John Pearson 1
Author
Didier Keymeulen 1
Author
Lance Christensen 1
Author
Susanne P. Schwenzer 17, 18
Author
Rafael Navarro-González 19
Author
Jorge Pla-Garcia 8, 20
Author
Scot C. R. Rafkin 21
Author
Álvaro Vicente-Retortillo 3
Author
Henrik Kahanpää 22
Author
Daniel Viudez-Moreiras 8
Author
Michael D. Smith 2
Author
1
JPL - Jet Propulsion Laboratory (4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA 91109-8099, USA - United States)
- NASA (www.nasa.gov - United States)
- CALTECH - California Institute of Technology (1200 East California Blvd, Pasadena, California 91125 - United States)
2
GSFC - NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (Greenbelt, MD 20771 - United States)
3
CLaSP - Department of Climate and Space Sciences and Engineering (University of Michigan, 2455 Hayward Street, Ann Arbor,
MI-48109-2143 - United States)
- University of Michigan [Ann Arbor] (500 Church Street Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1090 - United States)
- University of Michigan System (Michigan - United States)
4
ESSE - Department of Earth and Space Science and Engineering [York University - Toronto] (York University, 4700 Keele St, Toronto, ON, Canada M3J 1P3 - Canada)
- York University [Toronto] (4700 Keele Street, Toronto, ON, Canada M3J 1P3 - Canada)
5
ARC - NASA Ames Research Center (Moffett Field, California 94035 - United States)
6
Department of Computer Science, Electrical and Space Engineering [Luleå] (971 87 Luleå , Sweden - Sweden)
- LUT - Luleå University of Technology (SE-97187 Luleå, Sweden - Sweden)
7
IACT - Instituto Andaluz de Ciencias de la Tierra (Facultad de Granada, Campus Fuentenueva, ES-18002 Granada - Spain)
- CSIC - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (Serrano 117, 28006 Madrid - Spain)
- UGR - Universidad de Granada (Avda. del Hospicio, s/n C.P. 18010 Granada - Spain)
8
CAB - Centro de Astrobiologia [Madrid] (28850 Torrejón de Ardoz, Madrid - Spain)
- INTA - Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial ( Torrejón de Ardoz, Madrid - Spain)
- CSIC - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (Serrano 117, 28006 Madrid - Spain)
9
Geophysical Laboratory [Carnegie Institution] (Washington, D.C. - United States)
- Carnegie Institution for Science [Washington] (1530 P Street NW, Washington DC - United States)
10
Jacobs Technology ESCG (2224 Bay Area Blvd, Houston, TX 77058 - United States)
11
LISA (UMR_7583) - Laboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques ( Université Paris-Est Créteil Val de Marne - Bât. Lamarck case postale 7059 - Faculté des Sciences et Technologie 61 avenue du Général de Gaulle 94010 Créteil Cedex - France)
- UPEC UP12 - Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 : UMR_7583 (61 avenue du Général de Gaulle - 94010 Créteil cedex - France)
- INSU - CNRS - Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU-CNRS 3 rue Michel-Ange, 75794 Paris Cedex 16 - France)
- UPD7 - Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 : UMR_7583 (5 rue Thomas-Mann - 75205 Paris cedex 13 - France)
- CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique : UMR_7583 (France)
12
IMPEC - LATMOS (France)
- LATMOS - Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (11 boulevard d'Alembert
Quartier des Garennes
78280 - Guyancourt - France)
- INSU - CNRS - Institut national des sciences de l'Univers : UMR8190 (INSU-CNRS 3 rue Michel-Ange, 75794 Paris Cedex 16 - France)
- CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique : UMR8190 (France)
- UVSQ - Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines : UMR8190 (55 avenue de Paris - 78035 Versailles cedex - France)
- SU - Sorbonne Université : UMR8190 (21 rue de l’École de médecine - 75006 Paris - France)
13
IRAP - Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (9 avenue Colonel Roche 31028 Toulouse - France)
- CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique : UMR5277 (France)
- OMP - Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (14 avenue Edouard Belin, 31400 TOULOUSE - France)
- Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées (41 Allée Jules Guesde, 31000 Toulouse - France)
- UT3 - Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (118 route de Narbonne - 31062 Toulouse - France)
- Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées (41 Allée Jules Guesde, 31000 Toulouse - France)
- INSU - CNRS - Institut national des sciences de l'Univers : UMR5277 (INSU-CNRS 3 rue Michel-Ange, 75794 Paris Cedex 16 - France)
14
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry [Boulder] (Boulder, CO 80309-0215 - United States)
- University of Colorado [Boulder] (Boulder, Colorado 80309 - United States)
15
CIRES - Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (216 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 - United States)
- University of Colorado [Boulder] (Boulder, Colorado 80309 - United States)
- NOAA - National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (1401 Constitution Avenue, NW Room 5128, Washington DC 20230 - United States)
16
Department of Geosciences [PennState] (443 Deike Building, University Park, 16802 - United States)
- College of Earth and Mineral Sciences (University Park, PA 16802 - United States)
- Penn State - Pennsylvania State University (201 Old Main, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802 - United States)
- Penn State System (Pennsylvania, PA, USA, Etats-Unis - United States)
- Penn State - Pennsylvania State University (201 Old Main, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802 - United States)
17
OU - The Open University [Milton Keynes] (Walton Hall, Kents Hill, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA - United Kingdom)
18
School of Environment, Earth and Ecosystem Sciences [Milton Keynes] (The Open University, Walton Hall, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA U.K. - United Kingdom)
- OU - The Open University [Milton Keynes] (Walton Hall, Kents Hill, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA - United Kingdom)
19
Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares [Mexico] (04510 Ciudad de México, CDMX, Mexique - Mexico)
20
SSI - Space Science Institute [Boulder] (4750 Walnut St, Suite 205,
Boulder, CO 80301 - United States)
21
Department of Space Studies [Boulder] (United States)
- SwRI - Southwest Research Institute [Boulder] (1050 Walnut St, Suite 300, Boulder, CO 80302 - United States)
22
FMI - Finnish Meteorological Institute (Erik Palmenin aukio 1, P.O. Box 503, 00 101 Helsinki, Finland - Finland)
23
Department of Atmospheric Sciences [College Station] (Texas A&M University, 3150 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77843-3150 - United States)
- Texas A&M University [College Station] (College Station, TX 77843 - United States)
Abstract : Variable levels of methane in the martian atmosphere have eluded explanation partly because the measurements are not repeatable in time or location. We report in situ measurements at Gale crater made over a 5-year period by the Tunable Laser Spectrometer on the Curiosity rover. The background levels of methane have a mean value 0.41 ± 0.16 parts per billion by volume (ppbv) (95% confidence interval) and exhibit a strong, repeatable seasonal variation (0.24 to 0.65 ppbv). This variation is greater than that predicted from either ultraviolet degradation of impact-delivered organics on the surface or from the annual surface pressure cycle. The large seasonal variation in the background and occurrences of higher temporary spikes (~7 ppbv) are consistent with small localized sources of methane released from martian surface or subsurface reservoirs.
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Journal articles
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https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-01887409
Contributor : Catherine Cardon <>
Submitted on : Thursday, October 4, 2018 - 10:01:35 AM
Last modification on : Saturday, April 11, 2020 - 1:58:34 AM
Contributor : Catherine Cardon <>
Submitted on : Thursday, October 4, 2018 - 10:01:35 AM
Last modification on : Saturday, April 11, 2020 - 1:58:34 AM
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- HAL Id : insu-01887409, version 1
- DOI : 10.1126/science.aaq0131
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INSU | CNRS | OMP-IRAP | UPEC-UPEM | UVSQ | OMP | LATMOS | UPMC | UNIV-PARIS-SACLAY | SORBONNE-UNIVERSITE | UNIV-PARIS7 | USPC | UNIV-TLSE3 | SU-SCIENCES | UPEC | LISA | UP-SCIENCES
Citation
Christopher R. Webster, Paul R. Mahaffy, Sushil K. Atreya, John E. Moores, Gregory Flesch, et al.. Background levels of methane in Mars’ atmosphere show strong seasonal variations. Science, American Association for the Advancement of Science, 2018, 360 (6393), pp.1093-1096. ⟨10.1126/science.aaq0131⟩. ⟨insu-01887409⟩
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