, , 1975.
Revised and synthetic apparent polar wander paths of the African, Eurasian, North American and Indian Plates, and true polar wander since 200 Ma, Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, vol.22, issue.B3, pp.4029-4050, 1991. ,
DOI : 10.1016/0040-1951(86)90193-9
Episodic triple-junction migration by rift propagation and microplates, Geology, vol.27, issue.10, pp.911-914, 1999. ,
DOI : 10.1130/0091-7613(1999)027<0911:ETJMBR>2.3.CO;2
East Pacific Rise 8?????10??30???N: Evolution of ridge segments and discontinuities from SeaMARC II and three-dimensional magnetic studies, Journal of Geophysical Research, vol.96, issue.B5, pp.6959-6982, 1992. ,
DOI : 10.1016/0012-821X(90)90014-O
Range and effectiveness of unspiked potassium-argon dating: Experimental groundwork and applications, Numerical Dating in Stratigraphy, pp.159-179, 1982. ,
Plate kinematics: The Americas, East Africa, and the rest of the world, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, vol.37, issue.3, pp.355-368, 1978. ,
DOI : 10.1016/0012-821X(78)90051-1
Current plate motions across the Red Sea, Geophysical Journal International, vol.135, issue.2, pp.313-328, 1998. ,
DOI : 10.1029/JB076i002p00473
URL : https://academic.oup.com/gji/article-pdf/135/2/313/2330248/135-2-313.pdf
, Geological map of Afar, scale 1:500,000, 2, Central and southern Afar, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR) and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), 1975.
Opening of the Gulf of Aden and Afar by progressive tearing, Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, vol.21, issue.4, pp.343-350, 1980. ,
DOI : 10.1016/0031-9201(80)90137-5
Propagating rifts and continental breakup, Tectonics, vol.84, issue.3, pp.239-250, 1982. ,
DOI : 10.1029/JB084iB07p03425
Propagation of an accreting plate boundary: a discussion of new aeromagnetic data in the Gulf of Tadjurah and southern Afar, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, vol.47, issue.1, pp.144-160, 1980. ,
DOI : 10.1016/0012-821X(80)90113-2
,
Episodic spreading and rift propagation: New paleomagnetic and geochronologic data from the Afar passive margin, J. Geophys. Res, vol.89, pp.3315-3333, 1984. ,
Kinematics of the Sinai triple junction and a two-phase model of Arabia-Africa rifting, Continental Extensional Tectonics, pp.559-573, 1987. ,
DOI : 10.1144/GSL.SP.1987.028.01.37
On causal links between flood basalts and continental breakup, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, vol.166, issue.3-4, pp.177-195, 1999. ,
DOI : 10.1016/S0012-821X(98)00282-9
Tectonics of the westernmost gulfs of Aden and Tadjourah from submersible observations, Nature, vol.319, pp.396-399, 1986. ,
Kinematics of the 13 ,
, Asal rift (Djibouti) determined from the deformation of Fieale volcano, Science, vol.265, pp.1677-1681, 1994.
Error analysis for the determination of tectonic rotation from paleomagnetic data, Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, vol.88, issue.B5, pp.4321-4328, 1983. ,
DOI : 10.1029/RG018i002p00455
The Mid-atlantic Ridge (31??S???34??30???S): Temporal and spatial variations of accretionary processes, Marine Geophysical Researches, vol.312, issue.1, pp.1-20, 1991. ,
DOI : 10.1007/BF02428193
Etude de pr?faisabilit? des ressources g?othermiques de la zone du Hanle-Gaggade, 98 pp., Geotermica Ital. SRL, Inst. Sup?rieur d, Etudes et de Rech. Sci. et Tech, 1983. ,
Tectonic and climatic controls on lake distribution and environments in Afar from Miocene to present, in Lacustrine Basin Exploration: Case Studies and Modern Analogs, pp.19-41, 1991. ,
Plio-Quaternary deposits and Tectonics of the margins of the Gulf of Tadjoura (Republic of Djibouti), Bull ,
, , pp.285-300, 1983.
Earthquake History of Ethiopia and the Horn of Africa, Int. Dev. Res. Cent, vol.259, 1979. ,
Etude a?romagn?tique et pal?omagn?tique du Territoire de la R?publique de Djibouti, 1992. ,
Ocean-ridge discontinuities in Iceland, Journal of the Geological Society, vol.152, issue.6, pp.1011-1015, 1995. ,
DOI : 10.1144/GSL.JGS.1995.152.01.22
Total intensity anomaly chart of the junction of the Red Sea, Gulf of Aden and Ethiopian rifts, report, Dep. of Geophys. and Planet. Phys, 1970. ,
A new class of ???pseudofaults??? and their bearing on plate tectonics: A propagating rift model, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, vol.37, issue.2 ,
DOI : 10.1016/0012-821X(77)90177-7
, , pp.321-325, 1977.
Propagating rifts on mid-ocean ridges, J. Geophys. Res, vol.85, pp.2647-2658, 1980. ,
Propagating rifts and spreading centers, in The Geology of North America The Eastern Pacific Ocean and Hawaii, pp.161-176, 1989. ,
Plate boundary reorganization at a large-offset, rapidly propagating rift, Nature, vol.378, issue.6553, pp.167-170, 1995. ,
DOI : 10.1038/378167a0
Paleomagnetism and Its Application to Geological and Geophysical Problems, 1964. ,
Fonctionnement sismique et couplage ?lastique des failles en Afar, 1995. ,
Seismic activity triggered by stress changes after the 1978 events in the Asal Rift, Djibouti, Geophysical Research Letters, vol.45, issue.1, pp.2481-2484, 1996. ,
DOI : 10.1016/0012-821X(79)90142-0
Contribution ? l'?tude pal?omagn?tique et g?ochronologique de l'?volution cin?matique de la d?pression Afar au cours des trois derniers millions d'ann?es, 1999. ,
SeaMARC II Survey of a propagating limb of a large nontransform offset near 29??S along the fastest spreading East Pacific Rise segment, Journal of Geophysical Research, vol.86, issue.B6, pp.9985-9998, 1991. ,
DOI : 10.1016/0012-821X(87)90226-3
Detailed Tectonics near the tip of the Galapagos 95.5øW propagator: How the lithosphere tears and a spreading axis develops, J. Geophys . Res, vol.9838, issue.13, pp.801-814, 1989. ,
Migrating transform zone and lithospheric transfer at the Galapagos 95.5øW propagator, J. Geophys. Res, vol.9878, issue.13, pp.859-872, 1989. ,
Le volcanisme Plio-Quaternaire li? aux m?canismes d'ouverture de la d?pression Afar, 2000. ,
Seismotectonics in the Republic of Djibouti, linking the Afar depression and the Gulf of Aden, Tectonophysics, vol.209, pp.65-86, 1992. ,
Sismicit? du rift d'Asal-Ghoubbet pendant la crise sismo-volcanique de novembre 1978, Bull. Soc. G?ol. Ft, vol.12, pp.809-816, 1980. ,
Overlapping rift zones at the 5.5? offset of the East Pacific Rise, J. Geophys. Res., $$, pp.9393-9406, 1983. ,
Identification of ferromagnetic minerals in a rock by coercivity and unblocking temperature properties, Geophysical Research Letters, vol.16, issue.2, pp.159-162, 1990. ,
DOI : 10.1029/GL016i008p00851
Overlapping spreading centres: new accretion geometry on the East Pacific Rise, Nature, vol.63, issue.5903, pp.55-57, 1983. ,
DOI : 10.1111/j.1365-246X.1976.tb00328.x
East Pacific Rise from Siqueiros to Orozco fracture zones: Structure and evolution of overlapping spreading centers, J. Geophys . Res, vol.89, pp.6301-6306, 1984. ,
Reply: The debate concerning overlapping spreading centers and midocean ridge processes, J. Geophys. Res, vol.91, issue.10, pp.501-10510, 1986. ,
Tectonic evolution of ridge-axis discontinuities by the meeting, linking, or self-decapitation of neighboring ridge segments, Geology, vol.15, issue.11, pp.993-997, 1987. ,
DOI : 10.1130/0091-7613(1987)15<993:TEORDB>2.0.CO;2
Deep-tow and sea beam studies of dueling propagating ridges on the East Pacific Rise near 20??40???S, Journal of Geophysical Research, vol.312, issue.B4, pp.2875-2898, 1988. ,
DOI : 10.1038/312146a0
Mid-Ocean Ridges: Discontinuities, Segments and Giant Cracks, Science, vol.96, issue.3-4, pp.986-994, 1991. ,
DOI : 10.1016/0012-821X(90)90014-O
Tectonic deformation by rotating parallel faults: the ???bookshelf??? mechanism, Tectonophysics, vol.141, issue.4, pp.277-316, 1987. ,
DOI : 10.1016/0040-1951(87)90205-8
Dynamique des syst?mes extensifs en Afar, 1993. ,
Propagation of rifting along the Arabia-Somalia Plate Boundary: The Gulfs of Aden and Tadjoura, Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, vol.374, issue.14, pp.2681-2710, 1997. ,
DOI : 10.1038/374534a0
Propagation of rifting along the Arabia-Somalia Plate Boundary: Into Afar, Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, vol.19, issue.44, pp.4947-4974, 1998. ,
DOI : 10.1016/0375-6505(90)90005-V
Slip accumulation and lateral propagation of active normal faults in Afar, Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, vol.18, issue.B7, 2001. ,
DOI : 10.1016/S0191-8141(96)80039-3
The east ridge system 28.5-32øS East Pacific Rise: Implications for overlapping spreading center development, Earth Planet. Sci ,
, , pp.13-31, 1997.
McElhinny, the combined analysis of remagnetization circles and direct observations in paleomagnetism, Earth Planet. Sci. Left, vol.7, pp.152-160, 1988. ,
Classification of the reversal test in palaeomagnetism, Geophysical Journal International, vol.14, issue.3, pp.725-729, 1990. ,
DOI : 10.1111/j.1365-246X.1956.tb05560.x
Reversals of the Earth's magnetic field and temporal variations of the dynamo families, Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, vol.49, issue.B3, pp.3923-3933, 1991. ,
DOI : 10.1080/03091928908243466
A block model of distributed deformation by faulting, Journal of the Geological Society, vol.143, issue.2, pp.349-353, 1986. ,
DOI : 10.1144/gsjgs.143.2.0349
, Nature, vol.22, pp.125-133, 1970.
The Earth's Magnetic Field: Its History, Origin, and Planetary Perspective, p.401, 1983. ,
Speed limit for oceanic transform faults, Geology, vol.17, issue.5, pp.420-422, 1989. ,
DOI : 10.1130/0091-7613(1989)017<0420:SLFOTF>2.3.CO;2
Tectonic evolution of the Easter Microplate, Journal of Geophysical Research, vol.10, issue.1, pp.7961-7993, 1991. ,
DOI : 10.1029/JB089iB07p05953
Fluid flow triggered migration of events in the 1989 DSbi earthquake sequence of central Afar, Geophys. Res. Left, vol.2, pp.2335-2338, 1997. ,
Fault mechanics and the kinematics of block rotations, Geology, vol.14, issue.9, pp.746-749, 1986. ,
DOI : 10.1130/0091-7613(1986)14<746:FMATKO>2.0.CO;2
Kinematics and mechanics of tectonic block rotations, in Slow Deformation and Transmission of Stress in the Earth, Geophys. Monogr. Set, vol.49, pp.31-46, 1989. ,
, Office de la Recherche Scientifique et Technique d'Outre- Mer (ORSTOM), Tadjoura geological map, scale 1:100,000, 1985.
Magnetic and tectonic studies of the dueling propagating spreading centers at 20??40???S on the East Pacific Rise: Evidence for crustal rotations, Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, vol.96, issue.44, pp.13835-13850, 1993. ,
DOI : 10.1016/0012-821X(90)90014-O
An overlapping propagating spreading center at 87??30???W on the Galapagos Spreading Center, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, vol.121, issue.1-2, pp.195-211, 1994. ,
DOI : 10.1016/0012-821X(94)90040-X
Transform zone migration: Implications of bookshelf faulting at oceanic and Icelandic propagating ridges, Tectonics, vol.238, issue.5, pp.920-935, 1991. ,
DOI : 10.1126/science.238.4830.1105
Systematics of ridge propagation south of 30??S, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, vol.121, issue.1-2, pp.245-258, 1994. ,
DOI : 10.1016/0012-821X(94)90043-4
Intensity of magnetization of subaerial and submarine basalts and its possible change with time, Geophys, J. R. Astron. $oc, vol.0, pp.207-224, 1975. ,
Asymmetric sea-floor spreading and a nontransform axis offset: The East Pacific Rise 20??S survey area, Geological Society of America Bulletin, vol.89, issue.6, pp.836-844, 1978. ,
DOI : 10.1130/0016-7606(1978)89<836:ASSAAN>2.0.CO;2
Etude de la transition dorsale oc?anique-rift ?merg?: Le Golfe de Tadjoura, 1979. ,
Displacements, strains, and rotations within the Afar depression (Djibouti) from restoration in map view, Tectonics, vol.172, issue.4, pp.952-965, 1996. ,
DOI : 10.1016/0040-1951(90)90065-G
Investigations on crustal spreading in southern and central Afar (Ethiopia), in Aj?ar Depression oj ? Ethiopia, pp.289-296, 1975. ,
Edge-driven microplate kinematics, Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, vol.86, issue.B4, pp.6689-6701, 1993. ,
DOI : 10.1016/0012-821X(87)90226-3
Paleomagnetism of Tertiary volcanic rocks from the ethiopian southern plateau and the Danakil block, J. Geophys, vol.0, pp.203-212, 1974. ,
Paleomagnetic results from the Ethiopian southeastern plateau and the Danakil block, in Afar Depression o.f Ethiopia, pp.80-85, 1975. ,
Overlapping spreading centers: Implications from crack growth simulation by the displacement discontinuity method, Tectonics, vol.5, pp.151-163, 1986. ,
Deep-tow studies of the overlapping spreading centers at 9ø03'N on the East Pacific Rise, Tectonics, vol.5, pp.881-900, 1986. ,
La biellette danakile: Un module pour l'4volution g?odynamique de l'Afar, Bull. $oc, G?ol. Ft, vol.6, pp.925-933, 1980. ,
Tectonic implications of the 1989 Afar Earthquake sequence, Geophysical Research Letters, vol.17, issue.9, pp.877-880, 1992. ,
DOI : 10.1029/GL017i001p00001
Faulting and block rotation in the Afar triangle, East Africa: The Danakil "crank-arm" model, Geology, vol.20, issue.10, pp.911-914, 1992. ,
DOI : 10.1130/0091-7613(1992)020<0911:FABRIT>2.3.CO;2
,
Holocene, and Quaternary deformation of the Asal Rift, Djibouti: Implications for the mechanics of slow spreading ridges, J. Geophys. Res, vol.96806, issue.21, pp.789-810, 1991. ,
La zone de Mak'arrasou en Afar: un ?quivalent ?merg? des "failles transformantes" oc?aniques, C. R. Acad. Sci., Set. D, vol.278, pp.209-212, 1974. ,
Bookshelf faulting and horizontal block rotations between overlapping rifts in southern Afar, Geophysical Research Letters, vol.274, issue.1, pp.1-4, 1990. ,
DOI : 10.1029/GL006i011p00817
Continental rifting and initial sea-floor spreading in the Woodlark basin, Nature, vol.374, issue.6522, pp.534-537, 1995. ,
DOI : 10.1038/374534a0
How continents break up: Insights from Papua New Guinea, Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, vol.100, issue.B4, pp.7497-7512, 1999. ,
DOI : 10.1029/94JB02877
Remagnetization in lava flows recording pretransitional directions, Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, vol.15, issue.B5, pp.9755-9775, 1998. ,
DOI : 10.1029/GL015i010p01093
Paleomagnetism and age determinations of the Deccan Traps (India): Results of a Nagpur-Bombay Traverse and review of earlier work, Reviews of Geophysics, vol.28, issue.3, pp.159-190, 1991. ,
DOI : 10.1111/j.1365-246X.1972.tb06124.x
Geology of central and southern Afar, report, Cent, Nat. de la Rech. Sci, 1978. ,
Evidence from earthquakes for bookshelf faulting at large non-transform ridge offsets, Nature, vol.362, issue.6417, pp.235-237, 1993. ,
DOI : 10.1038/362235a0
75252 Paris cedex 05, France. (courtil@ipgp.jussieu.fr; gallet @ipgp.jussieu.fr) P, Batiment, vol.7577, issue.504 ,
,