P. Bauer, 4D-Var assimilation of MERIS total column water-vapour retrievals over land, Q. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc, vol.135, pp.1852-1862, 2009.

O. Bock, GPS data: Daily and monthly reprocessed IWV data from 120 global GPS stations, 2016.

O. Bock, C. Keil, E. Richard, C. Flamant, and M. N. Bouin, Validation of precipitable water from ECMWF model analyses with GPS and radiosonde data during the MAP SOP, Q. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc, vol.131, pp.3013-3036, 2005.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00080850

O. Bock, M. N. Bouin, A. Walpersdorf, J. P. Lafore, S. Janicot et al., Comparison of GPS precipitable water vapour to independent observations and Numerical Weather Prediction model reanalyses over Africa, Q. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc, vol.133, 2007.

O. Bock, P. Willis, J. Wang, and C. Mears, A highquality, homogenized, global, long-term (1993-2008) DORIS precipitable water data set for climate monitoring and model verification, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos, vol.119, pp.7209-7230, 2014.
DOI : 10.1002/2013jd021124
URL : https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/2013JD021124

O. Bock, P. Bosser, R. Pacione, M. Nuret, N. Fourrié et al., A high-quality reprocessed ground-based GPS dataset for atmospheric process studies, radiosonde and model evaluation, and reanalysis of HyMeX Special Observing Period, Q. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc, vol.142, pp.1177-1196, 2016.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01164607

J. R. Brown, A. F. Moise, R. Colman, and H. Zhang, Will a Warmer World Mean a Wetter or Drier Australian Monsoon?, J. Climate, vol.29, pp.4577-4596, 2016.
DOI : 10.1175/jcli-d-15-0695.1

S. H. Byun and Y. E. Bar-server, A new type of troposphere zenith path delay product of the international GNSS service, J. Geodesy, vol.83, pp.367-373, 2009.

B. Chen and Z. Liu, Global water vapor variability and trend from the latest 36 year (1979 to 2014) data of ECMWF and NCEP reanalyses, radiosonde, GPS, and microwave satellite, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos, vol.121, pp.11442-11462, 2016.

D. P. Dee and S. Uppala, Variational bias correction of satellite radiance data in the ERA-Interim reanalysis, Q. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc, vol.135, pp.1830-1841, 2009.

D. P. Dee, S. M. Uppala, A. J. Simmons, P. Berrisford, P. Poli et al., The ERA-Interim reanalysis: Configuration and performance of the data assimilation system, Q. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc, vol.137, pp.553-597, 2011.

A. E. Dessler and S. M. Davis, Trends in tropospheric humidity from reanalysis systems, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos, vol.115, p.19127, 2010.
DOI : 10.1029/2010jd014192

R. Gelaro, W. Mccarty, M. J. Suárez, R. Todling, A. Molod et al., The modern-era retrospective analysis for research and applications, version 2 (MERRA-2), J. Climate, vol.30, pp.5419-5454, 2017.

M. R. Grose, J. N. Brown, S. Narsey, J. R. Brown, B. F. Murphy et al., Assessment of the CMIP5 global climate model simulations of the western tropical Pacific climate system and comparison to CMIP3, Int. J. Climatol, vol.34, pp.3382-3399, 2014.

K. H. Hamed and A. R. Rao, A modified Mann-Kendall trend test for autocorrelated data, J. Hydrol, vol.204, pp.182-196, 1998.
DOI : 10.1016/s0022-1694(97)00125-x

I. M. Held and B. J. Soden, Robust responses of the hydrological cycle to global warming, J. Climate, vol.19, pp.5686-5699, 2006.

H. H. Hendon, D. W. Thompson, and M. C. Wheeler, Australian Rainfall and Surface Temperature Variations Associated with the Southern Hemisphere Annular Mode, J. Climate, vol.20, pp.2452-2467, 2007.
DOI : 10.1175/jcli4134.1

, Reprocessed IGS Trop Product now available with Gradients, by Yoaz Bar-Sever, 2012.

F. Karbou, F. Rabier, J. Lafore, J. L. Redelsperger, and O. Bock, Global 4D-Var assimilation and forecast experiments using land surface emissivities from AMSU-A and AMSU-B. Part-II: Impact of adding surface channels on the African Monsoon during AMMA, Weather Forecast, vol.25, pp.20-36, 2010.
DOI : 10.1175/2009waf2222243.1

K. Y. Kondratev, Radiation Processes in the Atmosphere, World Meteorological Organization, 1972.

A. C. Lorenc, Analysis methods for numerical weather prediction, Q. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc, vol.112, pp.1177-1194, 1986.

C. A. Mears, J. Wang, D. Smith, and F. J. Wentz, Intercomparison of total precipitable water measurements made by satellite-borne microwave radiometers and ground-based GPS instruments, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos, vol.120, pp.2492-2504, 2015.
DOI : 10.1002/2014jd022694
URL : https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/2014JD022694

R. Meynadier, O. Bock, S. Gervois, F. Guichard, J. Redelsperger et al., West African Monsoon water cycle: 2. Assessment of numerical weather prediction water budgets, J. Geophys. Res, vol.115, p.19107, 2010.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00522606

S. Mieruch, M. Schröder, S. Noël, and J. Schulz, Comparison of decadal global water vapour changes derived from independent satellite time series, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos, vol.119, pp.12489-12499, 2014.

T. Ning, J. Wickert, Z. Deng, S. Heise, G. Dick et al., Homogenized time series of the atmospheric water vapour content obtained from the GNSS reprocessed data, J. Climate, vol.29, pp.2443-2456, 2016.

P. A. O'gorman and C. J. Muller, How closely do changes in surface and column water vapor follow Clausius-Clapeyron scaling in climate-change simulations?, Environ. Res. Lett, vol.5, p.25207, 2010.

S. Power, F. Tseitkin, S. Torok, B. Lavery, and B. Mcavaney, Australian temperature, Australian rainfall, and the Southern Oscillation, 1910-1996: Coherent variability and recent changes, Aust. Meteorol. Mag, vol.47, pp.85-101, 1998.

F. R. Robertson, M. G. Bosilovich, J. B. Roberts, R. H. Reichle, R. Adler et al., Consistency of Estimated Global Water Cycle Variations over the Satellite Era, J. Climate, vol.27, pp.6135-6154, 2014.

P. J. Rousseeuw and A. M. Leroy, Robust Regression and Outlier Detection, Wiley Series in Probability and Mathematical Statistics, vol.516, p.67, 2003.
DOI : 10.1002/0471725382
URL : http://rcin.org.pl/Content/65097

S. Sanogo, A. H. Fink, J. A. Omotosho, A. Ba, R. Redl et al., Spatio-temporal characteristics of the recent rainfall recovery in West Africa, Int. J. Climatol, vol.35, pp.4589-4605, 2015.

T. Schneider, P. A. O'gorman, and X. J. Levine, Water vapor and the dynamics of climate changes, Rev. Geophys, vol.48, 2010.

M. Schröder, M. Lockhoff, J. M. Forsythe, H. Q. Cronk, T. H. Vonder-haar et al., The GEWEX Water Vapour Assessment: Results from Intercomparison, Trend, and Homogeneity Analysis of Total Column Water Vapour, J. Appl. Meteorol. Clim, vol.55, pp.1633-1649, 2016.

P. K. Sen, Estimates of the regression coefficient based on Kendall's tau, J. Am. Stat. Assoc, vol.63, pp.1379-1389, 1968.

S. C. Sherwood, R. Roca, T. M. Weckwerth, and N. G. Andronova, Tropospheric water vapor, convection, and climate, Rev. Geophys, vol.48, p.2001, 2010.
DOI : 10.1029/2009rg000301
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01139726

H. Theil, A rank-invariant method of linear and polynomial regression analysis, I, II, III, Nederl. Akad. Wetensch., Proc, vol.53, pp.1397-1412, 1950.
DOI : 10.1007/978-94-011-2546-8_20

P. W. Thorne and R. S. Vose, Reanalyses Suitable for Characterizing Long-Term Trends, vol.91, pp.353-362, 2010.
DOI : 10.1175/2009bams2858.1
URL : http://journals.ametsoc.org/doi/pdf/10.1175/2009BAMS2858.1

K. E. Trenberth, J. Fasullo, L. Smith, K. E. Trenberth, J. T. Fasullo et al., Atmospheric Moisture Transports from Ocean to Land and Global Energy Flows in Reanalyses, Clim. Dynam, vol.24, pp.4907-4924, 2005.
DOI : 10.1175/2011jcli4171.1

S. Vey, R. Dietrich, M. Fritsche, A. Rülke, P. Steigenberger et al., On the homogeneity and interpretation of precipitable water time series derived from global GPS observations, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos, vol.114, p.10101, 2009.

J. Wang and L. Zhang, Systematic errors in global radiosonde precipitable water data from comparisons with ground-based GPS measurements, J. Climate, vol.21, pp.2218-2238, 2008.

J. Wang, L. Zhang, and A. Dai, Global estimates of water-vapour-weighted mean temperature of the atmosphere for GPS applications, J. Geophys. Res, vol.110, p.21101, 2005.

J. Wang, A. Dai, and C. Mears, Global Water Vapour Trend from 1988 to 2011 and Its Diurnal Asymmetry Based on GPS, Radiosonde, and Microwave Satellite Measurements, J. Climate, vol.29, pp.5205-5222, 2016.
DOI : 10.1175/jcli-d-15-0485.1

E. C. Weatherhead, G. C. Reinsel, G. C. Tiao, X. L. Meng, D. Choi et al., Factors affecting the detection of trends: Statistical considerations and applications to environmental data, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos, vol.103, pp.17149-17161, 1998.

T. Zhao, A. Dai, W. , and J. , Trends in tropospheric humidity from 1970 to 2008 over China from a homogenized radiosonde dataset J. Climate, vol.25, pp.4549-4567, 2012.