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Article Dans Une Revue The Astrophysical Journal Année : 2017

Global Energetics of Solar Flares and CMEs: V. Energy Closure

Résumé

In this study we synthesize the results of four previous studies on the global energetics of solar flares and associated coronal mass ejections (CMEs), which include magnetic, thermal, nonthermal, and CME energies in 399 solar M and X-class flare events observed during the first 3.5 years of the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) mission. Our findings are: (1) The sum of the mean nonthermal energy of flare-accelerated particles (E nt), the energy of direct heating (Edir), and the energy in coronal mass ejections (ECME), which are the primary energy dissipation processes in a flare, is found to have a ratio of (Ent+Edir+ECME)/Emag = 0.87±0.18, compared with the dissipated magnetic free energy Emag, which confirms energy closure within the measurement uncertainties and corroborates the magnetic origin of flares and CMEs; (2) The energy partition of the dissipated magnetic free energy is: 0.51±0.17 in nonthermal energy of ≥ 6 keV electrons, 0.17 ± 0.17 in nonthermal ≥ 1 MeV ions, 0.07 ± 0.14 in CMEs, and 0.07 ± 0.17 in direct heating; (3) The thermal energy is almost always less than the nonthermal energy, which is consistent with the thick-target model; (4) The bolometric luminosity in white-light flares is comparable with the thermal energy in soft X-rays (SXR); (5) Solar Energetic Particle (SEP) events carry a fraction ≈ 0.03 of the CME energy, which is consistent with CME-driven shock acceleration; and (6) The warm-target model predicts a lower limit of the low-energy cutoff at ec ≈ 6 keV, based on the mean differential emission measure (DEM) peak temperature of Te = 8.6 MK during flares. This work represents the first statistical study that establishes energy closure in solar flare/CME events.
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Dates et versions

insu-01670494 , version 1 (21-12-2017)

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Markus J Aschwanden, Amir Caspi, Christina M S Cohen, Gordon Holman, Ju Jing, et al.. Global Energetics of Solar Flares and CMEs: V. Energy Closure. The Astrophysical Journal, 2017, 836 (1), 17 p. ⟨10.3847/1538-4357/836/1/17⟩. ⟨insu-01670494⟩
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