R. R. Anderson and K. Maeda, VLF emissions associated with enhanced magnetospheric electrons, Journal of Geophysical Research, vol.78, issue.1, pp.135-146, 1977.
DOI : 10.1029/JA082i001p00135

A. Balogh, The Cluster Magnetic Field Investigation: overview of in-flight performance and initial results, Annales Geophysicae, vol.19, issue.10/12, pp.1207-1217, 2001.
DOI : 10.5194/angeo-19-1207-2001

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00316910

W. J. Burtis and R. A. , Banded chorus-A new type of VLF radiation observed in the magnetosphere by OGO 1 and OGO 3, Journal of Geophysical Research, vol.70, issue.11, pp.3002-3010, 1969.
DOI : 10.1029/JA074i011p03002

R. K. Burton and R. E. Holzer, The origin and propagation of chorus in the outer magnetosphere, Journal of Geophysical Research, vol.72, issue.7, pp.1014-1023, 1974.
DOI : 10.1029/JA079i007p01014

P. Canu, Identification of natural plasma emissions observed close to the plasmapause by the Cluster-Whisper relaxation sounder, Annales Geophysicae, vol.19, issue.10/12, pp.1697-1709, 2001.
DOI : 10.5194/angeo-19-1697-2001

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00329221

N. Cornilleau-wehrlin, J. Etcheto, and R. K. Burton, Detailed analysis of magnetospheric ELF chorus: preliminary results, Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics, vol.38, issue.11, pp.1201-1210, 1976.
DOI : 10.1016/0021-9169(76)90052-0

N. Cornilleau-wehrlin, The Cluster spatio-temporal analysis of field fluctuations (STAFF) experiment, Space Science Reviews, vol.79, issue.1/2, pp.107-136, 1997.
DOI : 10.1023/A:1004979209565

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00408541

N. Cornilleau-wehrlin, First results obtained by the Cluster STAFF experiment, Annales Geophysicae, vol.21, issue.2, pp.437-456, 2003.
DOI : 10.5194/angeo-21-437-2003

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00329228

P. M. Décréau, Early results from the Whisper instrument on Cluster: an overview, Annales Geophysicae, vol.19, issue.10/12, pp.1241-1258, 2001.
DOI : 10.5194/angeo-19-1241-2001

N. Dunkel and R. A. , Whistler-mode emissions on the OGO 1 satellite, Journal of Geophysical Research, vol.70, issue.26, pp.6371-6385, 1969.
DOI : 10.1029/JA074i026p06371

B. E. Goldstein and B. T. Tsurutani, Wave normal directions of chorus near the equatorial source region, Journal of Geophysical Research, vol.67, issue.2, pp.2789-2810, 1984.
DOI : 10.1029/JA089iA05p02789

D. A. Gurnett and B. J. O-'brien, High-latitude geophysical studies with satellite Injun 3: 5. Very-low-frequency electromagnetic radiation, Journal of Geophysical Research, vol.246, issue.1, p.65, 1964.
DOI : 10.1029/JZ069i001p00065

D. A. Gurnett, First results from the Cluster wideband plasma wave investigation, Annales Geophysicae, vol.19, issue.10/12, pp.1259-1272, 2001.
DOI : 10.5194/angeo-19-1259-2001

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00329186

G. Gustafsson, First results of electric field and density observations by Cluster EFW based on initial months of operation, Annales Geophysicae, vol.19, issue.10/12, pp.1219-1240, 2001.
DOI : 10.5194/angeo-19-1219-2001

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00316911

K. Hattori, M. Hayakawa, D. Lagoutte, M. Parrot, and F. Lefeuvre, Further evidence of triggering chorus emissions from wavelets in the hiss band, Planetary and Space Science, vol.39, issue.11, pp.1465-1472, 1991.
DOI : 10.1016/0032-0633(91)90075-L

M. Hayakawa, Y. Yamanaka, M. Parrot, and F. Lefeuvre, The wave normals of magnetospheric chorus emissions observed on board GEOS 2, Journal of Geophysical Research, vol.274, issue.5572, pp.2811-2821, 1984.
DOI : 10.1029/JA089iA05p02811

R. A. Helliwell, Whistlers and Related Ionospheric Phenomena, 1965.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1365-246x.1966.tb03172.x

URL : http://gji.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/short/11/5/563-a

R. A. Helliwell, A theory of discrete VLF emissions from the magnetosphere, Journal of Geophysical Research, vol.72, issue.5A, pp.4773-4790, 1967.
DOI : 10.1029/JZ072i019p04773

C. F. Kennel and H. E. Petschek, Limit on stably trapped particle fluxes, Limit on stable trapped particle fluxes, pp.1-28, 1966.
DOI : 10.1029/JZ071i001p00001

D. S. Lauben, U. S. Inan, T. F. Bell, D. L. Kirchner, G. B. Hospodarsky et al., VLF chorus emissions observed by Polar during the January 10, 1997, magnetic cloud, VLF chorus emissions observed by Polar during the magnetic cloud, pp.2995-2998, 1997.
DOI : 10.1029/98GL01425

M. J. Ledocq, D. A. Gurnett, and G. B. Hospodarsky, Chorus source locations from VLF Poynting flux measurements with the Polar spacecraft, Geophysical Research Letters, vol.82, issue.21, pp.4063-4066, 1998.
DOI : 10.1029/1998GL900071

N. P. Meredith, R. B. Horne, A. D. Johnstone, and R. R. Anderson, The temporal evolution of electron distributions and associated wave activity following substorm injections in the inner magnetosphere, Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, vol.99, issue.20, pp.907-919, 2000.
DOI : 10.1029/2000JA900010

I. Nagano, S. Yagitani, H. Kojima, and H. Matsumoto, Analysis of Wave Normal and Poynting Vectors of the Chorus Emissions Observed by GEOTAIL., Journal of geomagnetism and geoelectricity, vol.48, issue.3, pp.299-307, 1996.
DOI : 10.5636/jgg.48.299

D. Nunn, Y. Omura, H. Matsumoto, I. Nagano, and S. Yagitani, The numerical simulation of VLF chorus and discrete emissions observed on the Geotail satellite using a Vlasov code, Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, vol.46, issue.3, pp.83-27097, 1997.
DOI : 10.1029/97JA02518

Y. Omura, D. Nunn, H. Matsumoto, and M. J. Rycroft, A review of observational, theoretical and numerical studies of VLF triggered emissions, Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics, vol.53, issue.5, pp.351-368, 1991.
DOI : 10.1016/0021-9169(91)90031-2

M. Parrot, O. Santolík, N. Cornilleau-wehrlin, M. Maksimovic, and C. Harvey, Source location of chorus emissions observed by Cluster, Annales Geophysicae, vol.21, issue.2, pp.473-480, 2003.
DOI : 10.5194/angeo-21-473-2003

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00329234

D. L. Pasmanik, A. G. Demekhov, D. Nunn, V. Y. Trakhtengerts, and M. Rycroft, Cyclotron amplification of whistler-mode waves: A parametric study relevant to discrete VLF emissions in the Earth's magnetosphere, Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, vol.102, issue.A7, pp.116210-1029, 2002.
DOI : 10.1029/2001JA000256

J. C. Samson, Descriptions of the Polarization States of Vector Processes: Applications to ULF Magnetic Fields, Geophysical Journal International, vol.34, issue.4, pp.403-419, 1973.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1365-246X.1973.tb02404.x

O. Santolík and D. A. Gurnett, Transverse dimensions of chorus in the source region, Geophysical Research Letters, vol.17, issue.2, pp.1031-1041, 2003.
DOI : 10.1029/2002GL016178

O. Santolík, F. Lefeuvre, M. Parrot, and J. L. Rauch, Complete wavevector directions of electromagnetic emissions: Application to INTER- BALL-2 measurements in the nightside auroral zone, J. Geophys. Res, vol.106201, issue.13, pp.191-204, 2001.

O. Santolík, M. Parrot, and F. Lefeuvre, Singular value decomposition methods for wave propagation analysis, Radio Science, vol.56, issue.1, pp.10-1029, 1010.
DOI : 10.1029/2000RS002523

S. S. Sazhin and M. Hayakawa, Magnetospheric chorus emissions: A review, Planetary and Space Science, vol.40, issue.5, pp.681-697, 1992.
DOI : 10.1016/0032-0633(92)90009-D

R. M. Skoug, S. Datta, M. P. Mccarthy, and G. K. Parks, A cyclotron resonance model of VLF chorus emissions detected during electron microburst precipitation, Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, vol.40, issue.A10, pp.481-21491, 1996.
DOI : 10.1029/96JA02007

A. J. Smith and D. Nunn, Numerical simulation of VLF risers, fallers, and hooks observed in Antarctica, Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, vol.56, issue.3, pp.6771-6784, 1998.
DOI : 10.1029/97JA03396

T. H. Stix, Waves in Plasmas, Am. Inst. of Phys, 1992.

L. R. Storey, An Investigation of Whistling Atmospherics, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, vol.246, issue.908, pp.113-141, 1953.
DOI : 10.1098/rsta.1953.0011

V. Y. Trakhtengerts, A generation mechanism for chorus emission, pp.95-100, 1999.
DOI : 10.1007/s005850050739

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00316502

. France, mparrot@cnrs-orleans.fr