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Article Dans Une Revue Nature Année : 2016

High-molecular-weight organic matter in the particles of comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko

Albrecht Glasmachers
  • Fonction : Auteur
Gerhard Haerendel
  • Fonction : Auteur
Hartmut Henkel
  • Fonction : Auteur
Herwig Höfner
  • Fonction : Auteur
Elmar K. Jessberger
  • Fonction : Auteur
Andreas Koch
  • Fonction : Auteur
Harry Lehto
  • Fonction : Auteur
Kirsi Lehto
  • Fonction : Auteur
Léna Le Roy
Wolfgang Steiger
  • Fonction : Auteur
Oliver Stenzel
  • Fonction : Auteur
Klaus Torkar
  • Fonction : Auteur
Kurt Varmuza
  • Fonction : Auteur
Karl-Peter Wanczek
  • Fonction : Auteur
Boris Zaprudin
  • Fonction : Auteur
Jochen Kissel
  • Fonction : Auteur

Résumé

The presence of solid carbonaceous matter in cometary dust was established by the detection of elements such as carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen in particles from comet 1P/Halley1, 2. Such matter is generally thought to have originated in the interstellar medium3, but it might have formed in the solar nebula—the cloud of gas and dust that was left over after the Sun formed4. This solid carbonaceous material cannot be observed from Earth, so it has eluded unambiguous characterization5. Many gaseous organic molecules, however, have been observed6, 7, 8, 9; they come mostly from the sublimation of ices at the surface or in the subsurface of cometary nuclei8. These ices could have been formed from material inherited from the interstellar medium that suffered little processing in the solar nebula10. Here we report the in situ detection of solid organic matter in the dust particles emitted by comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko; the carbon in this organic material is bound in very large macromolecular compounds, analogous to the insoluble organic matter found in the carbonaceous chondrite meteorites11, 12. The organic matter in meteorites might have formed in the interstellar medium and/or the solar nebula, but was almost certainly modified in the meteorites’ parent bodies11. We conclude that the observed cometary carbonaceous solid matter could have the same origin as the meteoritic insoluble organic matter, but suffered less modification before and/or after being incorporated into the comet.
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Dates et versions

insu-01362335 , version 1 (08-09-2016)

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Citer

Nicolas Fray, Anaïs Bardyn, Hervé Cottin, Kathrin Altwegg, Donia Baklouti, et al.. High-molecular-weight organic matter in the particles of comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko. Nature, 2016, 538, pp.72-74. ⟨10.1038/nature19320⟩. ⟨insu-01362335⟩
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