I. Agranovski, Aerosols: Science and Technology, 2010.
DOI : 10.1002/9783527630134

A. A. Aliabadi, R. M. Staebler, M. Liu, and A. Herber, Characterization and Parametrization of Reynolds Stress and Turbulent Heat Flux in the Stably-Stratified Lower Arctic Troposphere Using Aircraft Measurements, Boundary-Layer Meteorology, vol.32, issue.5, pp.99-12610, 2016.
DOI : 10.5194/acp-2015-999

A. A. Aliabadi, R. M. Staebler, J. De-grandpré, A. Zadra, and P. A. Vaillancourt, Comparison of Estimated Atmospheric Boundary Layer Mixing Height in the Arctic and Southern Great Plains under Statically Stable Conditions: Experimental and Numerical Aspects, Atmosphere-Ocean, vol.114, issue.20, pp.60-74, 2016.
DOI : 10.1007/BF02430334

E. Asmi, V. Kondratyev, D. Brus, T. Laurila, H. Lihavainen et al., Aerosol size distribution seasonal characteristics measured in Tiksi, Atmos. Chem. Phys, vol.165194, pp.1271-128710, 1271.
DOI : 10.5194/acpd-15-18109-2015

URL : http://doi.org/10.5194/acpd-15-18109-2015

L. A. Barrie, Arctic air pollution: An overview of current knowledge, Atmospheric Environment (1967), vol.20, issue.4, pp.643-66310, 1986.
DOI : 10.1016/0004-6981(86)90180-0

E. K. Bigg and C. Leck, Properties of the aerosol over the central Arctic Ocean, Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, vol.33, issue.D23, pp.10-1029, 2001.
DOI : 10.1029/1999JD901136

J. Boé, A. Hall, and X. Qu, September sea-ice cover in the Arctic Ocean projected to vanish by 2100, Nature Geoscience, vol.2, issue.5, pp.341-34310, 2009.
DOI : 10.1175/BAMS-88-9-1383

M. Brands, M. Kamphus, T. Böttger, J. Schneider, F. Drewnick et al., Characterization of a Newly Developed Aircraft-Based Laser Ablation Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (ALABAMA) and First Field Deployment in Urban Pollution Plumes over Paris During MEGAPOLI 2009, Aerosol Science and Technology, vol.43, issue.1, pp.46-64, 2009.
DOI : 10.1080/02786826.2010.517813

J. Brioude, D. Arnold, A. Stohl, M. Cassiani, D. Morton et al., The Lagrangian particle dispersion model FLEXPART-WRF version 3.1, Geosci. Model Dev, pp.1889-190410, 1889.
DOI : 10.5194/gmd-6-1889-2013

URL : http://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-6-1889-2013

J. Browse, K. S. Carslaw, S. R. Arnold, K. Pringle, and O. Boucher, The scavenging processes controlling the seasonal cycle in Arctic sulphate and black carbon aerosol, Atmos. Chem. Phys, vol.125194, pp.6775-679810, 2012.

J. Browse, K. S. Carslaw, G. W. Mann, C. E. Birch, S. R. Arnold et al., The complex response of Arctic aerosol to sea-ice retreat, Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, vol.14, issue.14, pp.7543-755710, 2014.
DOI : 10.5194/acp-14-7543-2014

K. S. Carslaw, L. A. Lee, C. L. Reddington, K. J. Pringle, A. Rap et al., Large contribution of natural aerosols to uncertainty in indirect forcing, Nature, vol.100, issue.7474, pp.67-7110, 1038.
DOI : 10.1038/nature12674

R. Y. Chang, S. J. Sjostedt, J. R. Pierce, T. N. Papakyriakou, M. G. Scarratt et al., Relating atmospheric and oceanic DMS levels to particle nucleation events in the Canadian Arctic, Journal of Geophysical Research, vol.115, issue.4, pp.1-1010, 1029.
DOI : 10.1029/2011JD015926

R. J. Charlson, J. E. Lovelock, M. O. Andreae, W. , and S. G. , Oceanic phytoplankton, atmospheric sulphur, cloud albedo and climate, Nature, vol.326, issue.6114, pp.655-661, 1987.
DOI : 10.1038/326655a0

A. D. Clarke, J. L. Varner, F. Eisele, R. L. Mauldin, D. Tanner et al., Particle production in the remote marine atmosphere: Cloud outflow and subsidence during ACE 1, Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, vol.23, issue.D13, pp.16397-1640910, 1998.
DOI : 10.1029/97JD02987

A. D. Clarke, V. N. Kapustin, F. L. Eisele, R. J. Weber, and P. H. Mc-murry, Particle production near marine clouds: Sulfuric acid and predictions from classical binary nucleation, Geophysical Research Letters, vol.80, issue.16, pp.2425-242810, 1999.
DOI : 10.1029/1999GL900438

D. S. Covert, A. Wiedensohler, P. Aalto, J. Heintzenberg, P. H. Mc-murry et al., Aerosol number size distributions from 3 to 500 nm diameter in the arctic marine boundary layer during summer and autumn, Tellus B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology, vol.15, issue.22, pp.197-212, 1996.
DOI : 10.1080/02786829408959700

B. Croft, R. V. Martin, W. R. Leaitch, P. Tunved, T. J. Breider et al., Processes controlling the annual cycle of Arctic aerosol number and size distributions, Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, vol.16, issue.6, pp.3665-368210, 2016.
DOI : 10.5194/acp-16-3665-2016

B. Croft, G. R. Wentworth, R. V. Martin, W. R. Leaitch, J. G. Murphy et al., Contribution of Arctic seabird-colony ammonia to atmospheric particles and cloud-albedo radiative effect, Nature Communications, vol.14, p.1344410, 1038.
DOI : 10.1038/ncomms13444

P. F. Decarlo, J. R. Kimmel, A. Trimborn, M. J. Northway, J. T. Jayne et al., Field-Deployable, High-Resolution, Time-of-Flight Aerosol Mass Spectrometer, Analytical Chemistry, vol.78, issue.24, pp.8281-828910, 1021.
DOI : 10.1021/ac061249n

A. Engvall, R. Krecji, J. Sröm, A. Minikin, R. Treffeisen et al., In-situ airborne observations of the microphysical properties of the Arctic tropospheric aerosol during late spring and summer, pp.392-404, 2008.

A. Engvall, R. Krejci, J. Ström, R. Treffeisen, R. Scheele et al., Changes in aerosol properties during spring-summer period in the Arctic troposphere, Atmos. Chem. Phys, vol.85194, pp.445-46210, 2008.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00302539

P. Q. Fu, K. Kawamura, J. Chen, B. , and L. A. , Isoprene, Monoterpene, and Sesquiterpene Oxidation Products in the High Arctic Aerosols during Late Winter to Early Summer, Environmental Science & Technology, vol.43, issue.11, pp.4022-4028, 2009.
DOI : 10.1021/es803669a

T. J. Garrett, Effects of varying aerosol regimes on lowlevel Arctic stratus, Geophys. Res. Lett, pp.10-1029, 2004.

T. J. Garrett, P. V. Hobbs, R. , and L. F. , High Aitken Nucleus Concentrations above Cloud Tops in the Arctic, Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, vol.59, issue.3, pp.779-783, 2002.
DOI : 10.1175/1520-0469(2001)059<0779:HANCAC>2.0.CO;2

T. J. Garrett, S. Brattström, S. Sharma, D. E. Worthy, and P. Novelli, The role of scavenging in the seasonal transport of black carbon and sulfate to the Arctic, Geophysical Research Letters, vol.103, issue.D13, pp.1-610, 2011.
DOI : 10.1029/2011GL048221

X. Ge, A. S. Wexler, and S. L. Clegg, Atmospheric amines ??? Part I. A review, Atmospheric Environment, vol.45, issue.3, pp.524-546, 2011.
DOI : 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.10.012

S. W. Gibb, R. F. Mantoura, and P. S. Liss, Ocean-atmosphere exchange and atmospheric speciation of ammonia and methylamines in the region of the NW Arabian Sea, Global Biogeochemical Cycles, vol.101, issue.10, pp.161-17810, 1999.
DOI : 10.1029/98GB00743

D. A. Hegg, L. F. Radke, and P. V. Hobbs, Particle production associated with marine clouds, Journal of Geophysical Research, vol.10, issue.D9, pp.13917-13926, 1990.
DOI : 10.1029/JD095iD09p13917

B. J. Heintzenberg, Particle size distribution and optical properties, Tellus, pp.251-260, 1980.

B. Heintzenberg and C. Leck, Seasonal variation of the atmospheric aerosol near the top of the marine boundary layer over Spitsbergen related to the Arctic sulphur cycle, Tellus B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology, vol.11, issue.36, pp.52-67, 1994.
DOI : 10.3402/polar.v10i1.6729

J. Heintzenberg and C. Leck, The summer aerosol in the central Arctic 1991???2008: did it change or not?, Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, vol.12, issue.9, pp.3969-3983, 1991.
DOI : 10.5194/acp-12-3969-2012

B. Heintzenberg, J. Ström, J. A. Ogren, and H. Fimpel, Vertical profiles of aerosol properties in the summer troposphere of central Europe, scandinavia and the svalbard region, Atmospheric Environment. Part A. General Topics, vol.25, issue.3-4, pp.621-627, 1991.
DOI : 10.1016/0960-1686(91)90059-G

J. Heintzenberg, C. Leck, W. Birmili, B. Wehner, M. Tjernström et al., Aerosol number-size distributions during clear and fog periods in the summer high Arctic, pp.41-50, 1991.

J. Heintzenberg, C. Leck, and P. Tunved, Potential source regions and processes of aerosol in the summer Arctic, Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, vol.15, issue.11, pp.6487-650210, 2015.
DOI : 10.5194/acp-15-6487-2015

J. Burkart, Summertime observations of elevated levels of ultrafine particles Marine boundary layer measurements of new particle formation and the effects nonprecipitating clouds have on aerosol size distribution, J. Geophys. Res, vol.99, pp.1444310-1029, 1994.

M. Karl, C. Leck, A. Gross, and L. Pirjola, A study of new particle formation in the marine boundary layer over the central Arctic Ocean using a flexible multicomponent aerosol dynamic model, Tellus B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology, vol.304, issue.5, pp.1-24, 2012.
DOI : 10.3402/tellusb.v64i0.17158

M. Karl, C. Leck, E. Coz, and J. Heintzenberg, Marine nanogels as a source of atmospheric nanoparticles in the high Arctic, Geophysical Research Letters, vol.4, issue.15, pp.3738-3743, 2013.
DOI : 10.5194/acpd-13-13541-2013

M. Kulmala, M. Dal-maso, J. M. Mäkelä, L. Pirjola, M. Väkevä et al., On the formation, growth and composition of nucleation mode particles, Tellus B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology, vol.102, issue.4, pp.479-490, 2001.
DOI : 10.1080/00986449608936541

P. Kupiszewski, C. Leck, M. Tjernström, S. Sjogren, J. Sedlar et al., Vertical profiling of aerosol particles and trace gases over the central Arctic Ocean during summer, Atmos. Chem. Phys, vol.135194, pp.12405-1243110, 2013.

K. S. Law, A. Stohl, P. K. Quinn, C. A. Brock, J. F. Burkhart et al., Arctic Air Pollution: New Insights from POLARCAT-IPY, Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, vol.95, issue.12, pp.1873-1895, 2014.
DOI : 10.1175/BAMS-D-13-00017.1

URL : http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:14004514

W. R. Leaitch, R. M. Hoff, S. Melnichuk, and W. Hogan, Some Physical and Chemical Properties of the Arctic Winter Aerosol in Northeastern Canada, 023<0916:SPACPO>2.0.CO, pp.916-928, 1984.
DOI : 10.1175/1520-0450(1984)023<0916:SPACPO>2.0.CO;2

W. R. Leaitch, L. A. Barrie, J. W. Bottenheim, S. Li, P. Shepson et al., Airborne observations related to ozone depletion at polar sunrise, Journal of Geophysical Research, vol.99, issue.D12, pp.25499-2551710, 1994.
DOI : 10.1029/94JD02750

W. R. Leaitch, A. Korolev, A. A. Aliabadi, J. Burkart, M. D. Willis et al., Effects of 20???100???nm particles on liquid clouds in the clean summertime Arctic, Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, vol.16, issue.17, pp.11107-1112410, 2016.
DOI : 10.5194/acp-16-11107-2016-supplement

C. Leck and E. K. Bigg, Aerosol production over remote marine areas-A new route, Geophysical Research Letters, vol.48, issue.23, pp.10-1029, 1999.
DOI : 10.1029/1999GL010807

C. Leck and E. K. Bigg, Source and evolution of the marine aerosol-A new perspective, Geophysical Research Letters, vol.39, issue.D12, pp.1-410, 2005.
DOI : 10.1029/2005GL023651

C. Leck and E. K. Bigg, New Particle Formation of Marine Biological Origin, Aerosol Science and Technology, vol.48, issue.7, pp.570-577, 2010.
DOI : 10.4319/lo.1994.39.2.0286

U. Lohmann and J. Feichter, Global indirect aerosol effects: a review, Atmos. Chem. Phys, vol.55194, issue.10, pp.715-737, 2005.
DOI : 10.5194/acp-5-715-2005

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00301508

R. L. Mauldin, S. Madronich, S. J. Flocke, F. L. Eisele, G. J. Frost et al., New insights on OH: Measurements around and in clouds, Geophysical Research Letters, vol.102, issue.23, pp.3033-303610, 1997.
DOI : 10.1029/97GL02983

T. Mauritsen, J. Sedlar, M. Tjernström, C. Leck, M. Martin et al., An Arctic CCN-limited cloud-aerosol regime, Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, vol.11, issue.1, pp.165-17310, 2011.
DOI : 10.5194/acp-11-165-2011

URL : http://doi.org/10.5194/acp-11-165-2011

E. L. Mungall, B. Croft, M. Lizotte, J. L. Thomas, J. G. Murphy et al., Dimethyl sulfide in the summertime Arctic atmosphere: measurements and source sensitivity simulations, Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, vol.16, issue.11, pp.6665-668010, 2016.
DOI : 10.5194/acp-16-6665-2016-supplement

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-01325792

Q. T. Nguyen, M. Glasius, L. L. Sørensen, B. Jensen, H. Skov et al., Seasonal variation of atmospheric particle number concentrations, new particle formation and atmospheric oxidation capacity at the high Arctic site Villum Research Station, Station Nord, Atmos. Chem. Phys, vol.165194, pp.11319-1133610, 2016.

M. D. Petters and S. M. Kreidenweis, A single parameter representation of hygroscopic growth and cloud condensation nucleus activity, Atmos. Chem. Phys, vol.7, 1961.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00302098

J. R. Pierce, W. R. Leaitch, J. Liggio, D. M. Westervelt, C. D. Wainwright et al., Nucleation and condensational growth to CCN sizes during a sustained pristine biogenic SOA event in a forested mountain valley, Atmos. Chem. Phys, vol.125194, pp.3147-316310, 2012.

L. Pirjola, C. D. O-'dowd, I. M. Brooks, and M. Kulmala, Can new particle formation occur in the clean marine boundary layer?, Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, vol.11, issue.D21, pp.26531-2654610, 2000.
DOI : 10.1029/2000JD900310

P. K. Quinn and T. S. Bates, The case against climate regulation via oceanic phytoplankton sulphur emissions, Nature, vol.20, issue.7375, pp.51-5610, 1038.
DOI : 10.1038/nature10580

P. K. Quinn, G. Shaw, E. Andrews, E. G. Dutton, T. Ruoho-airola et al., Arctic haze: current trends and knowledge gaps, Tellus B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology, vol.9, issue.11, pp.99-114, 2007.
DOI : 10.1029/2005JD006888

URL : http://doi.org/10.3402/tellusb.v59i1.16972

F. L. Radke and P. V. Hobbs, Humidity and Particle Fields Around Some Small Cumulus Clouds, Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, vol.48, issue.9, pp.1190-1193, 1991.
DOI : 10.1175/1520-0469(1991)048<1190:HAPFAS>2.0.CO;2

K. A. Rahn, R. D. Borys, and G. E. Shaw, The Asian source of Arctic haze bands, Nature, vol.23, issue.5622, pp.713-71510, 1038.
DOI : 10.1175/1520-0450(1976)015<0982:OOCCNS>2.0.CO;2

P. J. Rehbein, C. H. Jeong, M. L. Mcguire, X. Yao, J. C. Corbin et al., Cloud and Fog Processing Enhanced Gas-to-Particle Partitioning of Trimethylamine, Environmental Science & Technology, vol.45, issue.10, pp.4346-435210, 2011.
DOI : 10.1021/es1042113

G. E. Shaw, The Arctic Haze Phenomenon, B. Am, Meteorol. Soc, vol.762, pp.2403-2413, 1995.
DOI : 10.1175/1520-0477(1995)076<2403:tahp>2.0.co;2

W. C. Skamarock, J. B. Klemp, J. Dudhia, D. O. Gill, D. M. Barker et al., A Description of the Advanced Research WRF Version 2, p.22, 2005.

S. J. Sjostedt, W. R. Leaitch, M. Levasseur, M. Scarratt, S. Michaud et al., Evidence for the uptake of atmospheric acetone and methanol by the Arctic Ocean during late summer DMS-Emission plumes, Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, vol.56, issue.11, pp.1230310-1029, 2012.
DOI : 10.1016/S0304-4203(96)00076-X

A. Stohl, C. Forster, A. Frank, P. Seibert, and G. Wotawa, Technical note: The Lagrangian particle dispersion model FLEXPART version 6.2, Atmos. Chem. Phys, vol.55194, pp.2461-247410, 2005.
DOI : 10.5194/acp-5-2461-2005

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00301615

J. Ström, J. Umegård, K. Tørseth, P. Tunved, H. C. Hansson et al., One year of particle size distribution and aerosol chemical composition measurements at the Zeppelin Station, Svalbard, March 2000???March 2001, Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C, vol.28, issue.28-32, pp.1181-1190, 2000.
DOI : 10.1016/j.pce.2003.08.058

J. Ström, A. C. Engvall, F. Delbart, R. Krejci, and R. Treffeisen, On small particles in the Arctic summer boundary layer: Observations at two different heights near Ny-Ålesund, pp.473-482, 2009.

P. Tunved, J. Ström, and R. Krejci, Arctic aerosol life cycle: linking aerosol size distributions observed between 2000 and 2010 with air mass transport and precipitation at Zeppelin station, Atmos. Chem. Phys, vol.135194, pp.3643-366010, 2013.

S. Twomey, Pollution and the Planetary Albedo, Atmos. Environ, vol.41, pp.1251-1256, 1974.

M. Wang and J. E. Overland, A sea ice free summer Arctic within 30??years: An update from CMIP5 models, Geophysical Research Letters, vol.19, issue.D14, pp.2-610, 2012.
DOI : 10.1175/JCLI3767.1

R. J. Weber, P. H. Mcmurry, L. Mauldin, D. J. Tanner, F. L. Eisele et al., A study of new particle formation and growth involving biogenic and trace gas species measured during ACE 1, Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, vol.21, issue.D13, pp.16385-1639610, 1029.
DOI : 10.1029/97JD02465

G. R. Wentworth, J. G. Murphy, B. Croft, R. V. Martin, J. R. Pierce et al., Ammonia in the summertime Arctic marine boundary layer: sources, sinks, and implications, Atmos. Chem. Phys, vol.165194, pp.1937-195310, 1937.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-01226053

A. Wiedensohler, D. S. Covert, E. Swietlicki, P. Aalto, J. Heintzenberg et al., Occurrence of an ultrafine particle mode less than 20 nm in diameter in the marine boundary layer during Arctic summer and autumn, Tellus B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology, vol.97, issue.2, pp.213-222, 1996.
DOI : 10.1080/00401706.1978.10489693

A. Wiedensohler, H. C. Hansson, D. Orsini, M. Wendisch, F. Wagner et al., Night-time formation and occurrence of new particles associated with orographic clouds, Atmospheric Environment, vol.31, issue.16, pp.2545-255910, 1997.
DOI : 10.1016/S1352-2310(96)00299-3

M. D. Willis, J. Burkart, J. L. Thomas, F. Köllner, J. Schneider et al., Growth of nucleation mode particles in the summertime Arctic: a case study, Atmos. Chem. Phys, vol.165194, pp.7663-767910, 2016.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-01336721

J. Zhang, Y. H. Spitz, M. Steele, C. Ashjian, R. Campbell et al., Modeling the impact of declining sea ice on the Arctic marine planktonic ecosystem, Journal of Geophysical Research, vol.35, issue.5, pp.1-2410, 2010.
DOI : 10.1029/2009JC005387