R. B. Alley, J. H. Perepezko, and C. R. Bentley, Abstract, Journal of Glaciology, vol.10, issue.112, pp.415-424, 1986.
DOI : 10.1063/1.430908

I. Baker and D. Cullen, SEM/EDS observations of impurities in polar ice: artifacts or not?, Journal of Glaciology, vol.49, issue.165, pp.184-190, 2003.
DOI : 10.3189/172756503781830773

L. Bazin, A. Landais, B. Lemieux-dudon, H. Toyé-mahamadou-kele, D. Veres et al., An optimized multi-proxy, multi-site Antarctic ice and gas orbital chronology, Clim. Past, vol.95194, pp.120-800, 1715.
DOI : 10.5194/cpd-8-5963-2012

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00995643

M. L. Bender, Orbital tuning chronology for the Vostok climate record supported by trapped gas composition, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, vol.204, issue.1-2, pp.275-289, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0012-821X(02)00980-9

G. S. Boulton, Abstract, Journal of Glaciology, vol.13, issue.89, pp.15-38, 1979.
DOI : 10.1016/0095-8522(59)90051-0

G. S. Boulton, Abstract, Journal of Glaciology, vol.26, issue.140, pp.43-62, 1996.
DOI : 10.2307/1550407

K. Cuffey, H. Conway, A. Gades, B. Hallet, R. Lorrain et al., Entrainment at cold glacier beds, Geology, vol.28, issue.4, pp.351-354, 2000.
DOI : 10.1130/0091-7613(2000)28<351:EACGB>2.0.CO;2

M. De-angelis, J. Petit, J. Savarino, R. Souchez, and M. H. Thiemens, Contributions of an ancient evaporitic-type reservoir to subglacial Lake Vostok chemistry, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, vol.222, issue.3-4, pp.751-765, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.epsl.2004.03.023

M. De-angelis, M. B. Morel-fourcade, J. Susini, J. Duval, and P. , Brine micro-droplets and solid inclusions in accreted ice from Lake Vostok (East Antarctica), Geophysical Research Letters, vol.210, issue.12, pp.10-1029, 2005.
DOI : 10.1029/2005GL022460

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00374142

M. De-angelis, J. Tison, M. Morel-fourcade, and J. Susini, Micro-investigation of EPICA Dome C bottom ice: evidence of long term in situ processes involving acid???salt interactions, mineral dust, and organic matter, Quaternary Science Reviews, vol.78, pp.248-265, 2013.
DOI : 10.1016/j.quascirev.2013.08.012

B. Delmonte, P. S. Andersson, M. Haqnsson, H. Schöberg, J. Petit et al., Aeolian dust in East Antarctica (EPICA-Dome C and Vostok): Provenance during glacial ages over the last 800 kyr, Geophysical Research Letters, vol.22, issue.1, pp.770310-1029, 2008.
DOI : 10.1029/2008GL033382

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00378332

G. B. Dreyfus, F. Parrenin, B. Lemieux-dudon, G. Durand, V. Masson-delmotte et al., Anomalous flow below 2700 m in the EPICA Dome C ice core detected using d18O of atmospheric oxygen measurements, Clim. Past, vol.35194, pp.341-35310, 2007.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00330721

G. Durand, A. Svensson, A. Persson, O. Gagliardini, F. Gillet-chaulet et al., Evolution of the texture along the EPICA Dome C ice core EPICA_Community_members: Eight glacial cycles from an Antarctic ice core, Proceedings of the 2nd International Workshop on Physics of Ice Core records (PICR-2), pp.623-628, 2004.

J. W. Glen, D. R. Homer, and J. G. And-paren, Water at grain boundaries: its role in the purification of temperate glacier ice, Int. Assoc . Hydrogeol, vol.118, pp.263-271, 1977.

I. D. Goodwin, Abstract, Journal of Glaciology, vol.11, issue.131, pp.157-166, 1993.
DOI : 10.1038/238393a0

A. J. Gow and D. A. Meese, Nature of basal debris in the GISP2 and Byrd ice cores and its relevance to bed processes, Annals of Glaciology, vol.39, pp.134-140, 1996.
DOI : 10.1029/95GL01995

A. J. Gow, S. Epstein, and W. Sheehy, Abstract, Journal of Glaciology, vol.3, issue.89, pp.185-192, 1979.
DOI : 10.1016/0016-7037(53)90051-9

S. Herron and C. Langway, Abstract, Journal of Glaciology, vol.23, issue.89, pp.193-207, 1979.
DOI : 10.1017/S002214300002983X

G. Holdsworth, Meserve Glacier Antarctica ? part I: Basal processes, 1974.

B. Hubbard, S. Cook, and H. Coulson, Basal ice facies: a review and unifying approach, Quaternary Science Reviews, vol.28, issue.19-20, pp.1956-1969, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.quascirev.2009.03.005

P. Huybers, Early Pleistocene Glacial Cycles and the Integrated Summer Insolation Forcing, Science, vol.313, issue.5786, pp.508-511, 2006.
DOI : 10.1126/science.1125249

URL : http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:3382981

N. R. Iverson, Regelation of ice through debris at glacier beds: Implications for sediment transport, Geology, vol.21, issue.6, pp.559-562, 1993.
DOI : 10.1130/0091-7613(1993)021<0559:ROITDA>2.3.CO;2

N. R. Iverson and D. Semmens, Intrusion of ice into porous media by regelation: A mechanism of sediment entrainment by glaciers, Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, vol.3, issue.43, pp.10219-10230, 1995.
DOI : 10.1029/95JB00043

J. Jouzel, J. R. Petit, R. Souchez, N. Barkov, V. Lipenkov et al., More than 200 meters of lake ice above subglacial lake Vostok, pp.2138-2141, 1999.

P. G. Knight, The basal ice layer of glaciers and ice sheets, Quaternary Science Reviews, vol.16, issue.9, pp.975-993, 1997.
DOI : 10.1016/S0277-3791(97)00033-4

R. M. Koerner and D. A. Fisher, Abstract, Journal of Glaciology, vol.14, issue.89, pp.209-221, 1979.
DOI : 10.1038/266508a0

F. Lambert, B. Delmonte, J. Petit, M. Bigler, P. R. Kaufmann et al., Dust-climate couplings over the past 800,000???years from the EPICA Dome C ice core, Nature, vol.217, issue.7187, pp.616-61910, 1038.
DOI : 10.1038/nature06763

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00378523

A. Landais, G. Dreyfus, E. Capron, V. Masson-delmotte, M. F. Sanchez-goni et al., What drives the millennial and orbital variations of ??18Oatm?, Quaternary Science Reviews, vol.29, issue.1-2, pp.235-246, 2010.
DOI : 10.1016/j.quascirev.2009.07.005

A. Landais, G. Dreyfus, E. Capron, K. Pol, M. F. Loutre et al., Towards orbital dating of the EPICA Dome C ice core using ?O 2, Clim. Past, vol.85194, issue.2, pp.191-20310, 2012.

E. Lefebvre, C. Ritz, B. Legrésy, and P. Possenti, New temperature profile measurement in the EPICA Dome C borehole, Geophysical Research Abstracts, EGU General Assembly, 2008.

L. E. Lisiecki and M. E. Raymo, A Pliocene-Pleistocene stack of 57 globally distributed benthic ? 18 O records, pp.10-1029, 2005.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01103826

L. Loulergue, A. Schilt, R. Spahni, V. Masson-delmonte, T. Blunier et al., Orbital and millennial-scale features of atmospheric CH4 over the past 800,000???years, Nature, vol.77, issue.7193, pp.383-386, 2008.
DOI : 10.1038/nature06950

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00379657

D. Lüthi, L. Floch, M. Bereiter, B. Blunier, T. Barnola et al., High-resolution carbon dioxide concentration record 650,000???800,000???years before present, Nature, vol.20, issue.7193, pp.379-38210, 1038.
DOI : 10.1038/nature06949

M. Montagnat, P. Duval, P. Bastie, B. Hamelin, M. De-angelis et al., High crystalline quality of large single crystals of subglacial ice above Lake Vostok (Antarctica) revealed by hard X-ray diffraction, Comptes Rendus de l'Acad??mie des Sciences - Series IIA - Earth and Planetary Science, vol.333, issue.8, pp.419-425, 2001.
DOI : 10.1016/S1251-8050(01)01667-6

R. Mulvaney, E. W. Wolff, and K. Oates, Sulphuric acid at grain boundaries in Antarctic ice, Nature, vol.331, issue.6153, pp.247-249, 1988.
DOI : 10.1038/331247a0

H. Ohno, M. Igarashi, and T. Hondoh, Salt inclusions in polar ice core: Location and chemical form of water-soluble impurities, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, vol.232, issue.1-2, pp.171-178, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.epsl.2005.01.001

K. Pol, V. Masson-delmotte, S. Johnsen, M. Bigler, O. Cattani et al., New MIS 19 EPICA Dome C high resolution deuterium data: Hints for a problematic preservation of climate variability at sub-millennial scale in the ???oldest ice???, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, vol.298, issue.1-2, pp.95-103, 2010.
DOI : 10.1016/j.epsl.2010.07.030

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00562445

K. Pol, M. Debret, V. Masson-delmotte, E. Capron, O. Cattani et al., Links between MIS 11 millennial to sub-millennial climate variability and long term trends as revealed by new high resolution EPICA Dome C deuterium data &ndash; A comparison with the Holocene, Climate of the Past, vol.7, issue.2, pp.437-45010, 2011.
DOI : 10.5194/cp-7-437-2011-supplement

G. M. Raisbeck, F. Yiou, O. Cattani, and J. Jouzel, 10Be evidence for the Matuyama???Brunhes geomagnetic reversal in the EPICA Dome C ice core, Nature, vol.172, issue.7115, pp.82-8410, 2006.
DOI : 10.1038/nature05266

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/in2p3-00138066

D. Raynaud, J. Barnola, R. Souchez, R. Lorrain, J. Petit et al., The record for marine isotopic stage 11, Nature, vol.436, pp.30-40, 2005.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00374900

D. Raynaud, V. Lipenkov, B. Lemieux-dudon, P. Duval, M. Loutre et al., The local insolation signature of air content in Antarctic ice. A new step toward an absolute dating of ice records, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, vol.261, issue.3-4, pp.337-349, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/j.epsl.2007.06.025

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00377262

A. Rempel, Englacial phase changes and intergranular flow above subglacial lakes, Annals of Glaciology, vol.40, issue.1, pp.191-194, 2005.
DOI : 10.3189/172756405781813564

A. W. Rempel, E. D. Waddington, J. S. Wettlaufer, and M. G. Worster, Possible displacement of the climate signal in ancient ice by premelting and anomalous diffusion, Nature, pp.411-568, 2001.

A. W. Rempel, J. S. Wettlaufer, and E. D. Waddington, Anomalous diffusion of multiple impurity species: Predicted implications for the ice core climate records, Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, vol.102, issue.B12, pp.10-1029, 2002.
DOI : 10.1029/2002JB001857

A. W. Rempel, Segregation, transport, and interaction of climate proxies in polycrystalline ice, Canadian Journal of Physics, vol.81, issue.1-2, pp.89-97, 2003.
DOI : 10.1139/p02-118

F. Remy and I. E. Tabacco, Bedrock features and ice flow near the EPICA Ice Core Site (Dome C, Antarctica), Geophysical Research Letters, vol.38, issue.3, pp.405-408, 2000.
DOI : 10.1029/1999GL006067

A. Schilt, M. Baumgartner, T. Blunier, J. Schwander, R. Spahni et al., Glacial???interglacial and millennial-scale variations in the atmospheric nitrous oxide concentration during the last 800,000 years, Quaternary Science Reviews, vol.29, issue.1-2, pp.182-192, 2010.
DOI : 10.1016/j.quascirev.2009.03.011

R. Souchez, The buildup of the ice sheet in central Greenland, Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, vol.4, issue.1-4, pp.26317-26323, 1997.
DOI : 10.1029/96JC01558

R. Souchez and R. Lorrain, Ice composition and glacier dynamics, 0387.
DOI : 10.1007/978-3-642-58187-8

R. Souchez, R. Lorrain, J. Tison, and J. Jouzel, Co-Isotopic Signature of Two Mechanisms of Basal-Ice Formation in Arctic Outlet Glaciers, Annals of Glaciology, vol.31, pp.163-166, 1988.
DOI : 10.1130/0016-7606(1982)93<784:WAHOVB>2.0.CO;2

R. Souchez, M. Lemmens, J. Tison, R. Lorrain, J. et al., Reconstruction of basal boundary conditions at the Greenland Ice Sheet margin from gas composition in the ice, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, vol.118, issue.1-4
DOI : 10.1016/0012-821X(93)90176-A

R. Souchez, J. L. Tison, R. Lorrain, L. Janssens, M. Stievenard et al., Stable isotopes in the basal silty ice preserved in the Greenland Ice Sheet at summit; environmental implications, Geophysical Research Letters, vol.3, issue.8, pp.693-696, 1994.
DOI : 10.1029/94GL00641

R. Souchez, L. Janssens, M. Lemmens, and B. Stauffer, Very low oxygen concentration in basal ice from Summit, central Greenland, Geophysical Research Letters, vol.40, issue.134, 1995.
DOI : 10.1029/95GL01995

R. Souchez, M. Lemmens, C. , and J. , records, Geophysical Research Letters, vol.7, issue.50, pp.41-44, 1995.
DOI : 10.1029/94GL02863

R. Souchez, A. Bouzette, H. Clausen, S. Johnsen, and J. Jouzel, A stacked mixing sequence at the base of the Dye 3 Core, Greenland, Geophysical Research Letters, vol.33, issue.1, pp.1943-1946, 1998.
DOI : 10.1029/98GL01411

R. Souchez, J. R. Petit, J. L. Tison, J. Jouzel, and V. Verbeke, Ice formation in subglacial Lake Vostok, Central Antarctica, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, vol.181, issue.4, pp.529-538, 2000.
DOI : 10.1016/S0012-821X(00)00228-4

R. Souchez, G. Vandenschrick, R. Lorrain, J. Tison, A. J. Maltman et al., Basal ice formation and deformation in central Greenland: a review of existing and new ice core data, Deformation of Glacial Materials, pp.13-22, 2000.
DOI : 10.1144/GSL.SP.2000.176.01.02

R. Souchez, R. Jean-baptiste, J. R. Petit, V. Lipenkov, and J. Jouzel, What is the deepest part of the Vostok ice core telling us?, Earth-Science Reviews, vol.60, issue.1-2, pp.131-146, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0012-8252(02)00090-9

R. Souchez, J. Petit, J. Jouzel, M. De-angelis, and J. L. Tison, Reassessing Lake Vostok???s behaviour from existing and new ice core data, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, vol.217, issue.1-2, pp.163-170, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S0012-821X(03)00588-0

R. Souchez, J. Jouzel, A. Landais, J. Chapellaz, R. Lorrain et al., Gas isotopes in ice reveal a vegetated central Greenland during ice sheet invasion, Geophysical Research Letters, vol.161, issue.D15, pp.10-1029, 2006.
DOI : 10.1029/2006GL028424

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00375763

J. Tison, Retrieving the paleoclimatic signal from the deeper part of the EPICA Dome C ice core The deuterium excess records of EPICA Dome C and Dronning Maud Land ice cores, Quat. Sci. Rev, vol.29, pp.146-159, 2010.

I. E. Tabacco, A. Passerini, F. Corbelli, and M. Gorman, Determination of the surface and bed topography at Dome C, East Antarctica, Journal of Glaciology, vol.15, issue.146, pp.185-191, 1998.
DOI : 10.1029/95GL00110

J. Tison and R. Lorrain, Abstract, Journal of Glaciology, vol.28, issue.113, pp.47-50, 1987.
DOI : 10.5575/geosoc.78.659

J. Tison, R. Souchez, and R. Lorrain, On the incorporation of unconsolidated sediments in basal ice: present-day examples, pp.173-183, 1989.

J. Tison, J. R. Petit, J. M. Barnola, and W. C. Mahaney, Abstract, Journal of Glaciology, vol.230, issue.132, pp.303-315, 1993.
DOI : 10.1126/science.244.4907.964

J. Tison, T. Thorsteinsson, R. Lorrain, and J. Kipfstuhl, Origin and development of textures and fabrics in basal ice at Summit, Central Greenland, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, vol.125, issue.1-4, pp.421-437, 1994.
DOI : 10.1016/0012-821X(94)90230-5

J. Tison, R. Souchez, E. W. Wolff, J. C. Moore, M. R. Legrand et al., Is a periglacial biota responsible for enhanced dielectric response in basal ice from the Greenland Ice Core Project ice core?, Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, vol.102, issue.C12, pp.18885-18894, 1998.
DOI : 10.1029/98JD01107

R. Traversi, S. Becagli, E. Castellano, F. Marino, M. Severi et al., Chemical characterization of peculiar ice layers at the bottom of the EPICA-DC ice core, Geophysical Research Abstracts, vol.8, pp.7199-7201, 2006.

R. Traversi, S. Becagli, E. Castellano, F. Marino, F. Rugi et al., Sulfate Spikes in the Deep Layers of EPICA-Dome C Ice Core: Evidence of Glaciological Artifacts, Environmental Science & Technology, vol.43, issue.23, pp.8737-8743, 2009.
DOI : 10.1021/es901426y

S. Urbini, M. Frezzotti, S. Gandolfi, C. Vincent, C. Scarchilli et al., Historical behaviour of Dome C and Talos Dome (East Antarctica) as investigated by snow accumulation and ice velocity measurements, Global and Planetary Change, vol.60, issue.3-4, pp.576-588, 2008.
DOI : 10.1016/j.gloplacha.2007.08.002

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00381096

V. Verbeke, R. Lorrain, S. J. Johnsen, and J. Tison, A multiple-step deformation history of basal ice from the Dye 3 (Greenland) core: new insights from the CO<SUB>2</SUB> and CH<SUB>4</SUB> content, Annals of Glaciology, vol.35, issue.1, pp.231-236, 2002.
DOI : 10.3189/172756402781817248

D. Weis, D. Demaiffe, R. Souchez, A. J. Gow, and D. A. Meese, Ice sheet development in Central Greenland: implications from the Nd, Sr and Pb isotopic compositions of basal material, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, vol.150, issue.1-2
DOI : 10.1016/S0012-821X(97)00073-3

J. S. Wettlaufer, Impurity Effects in the Premelting of Ice, Physical Review Letters, vol.82, issue.12, pp.2516-2519, 1999.
DOI : 10.1103/PhysRevLett.82.2516

E. W. Wolff, H. Fisher, F. Fundel, U. Ruth, B. Twarloh et al., Southern Ocean sea-ice extent, productivity and iron flux over the past eight glacial cycles, Nature, vol.10, issue.7083, pp.491-496, 2006.
DOI : 10.1038/nature04614

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00375835