Journal articles
Measuring a Cherenkov ring in the radio emission from air showers at 110–190MHz with LOFAR
A. Nelles
1
P. Schellart
1
S. Buitink
1
A. Corstanje
K.D. de Vries
1
J.E. Enriquez
2
H. Falcke
3, 4, 1
W. Frieswijk
J.R. Hörandel
O. Scholten
5
S. ter Veen
6
S. Thoudam
1
M. van den Akker
J. Anderson
A. Asgekar
3
M.E. Bell
7
M.J. Bentum
3
G. Bernardi
8
P. Best
9
J. Bregman
3
F. Breitling
10
J. Broderick
7
W.N. Brouw
11
M. Brüggen
12
H.R. Butcher
3
B. Ciardi
13
A. Deller
S. Duscha
J. Eislöffel
14
R.A. Fallows
15
M.A. Garrett
3, 16
A.W. Gunst
3
T.E. Hassall
17
G. Heald
3
A. Horneffer
M. Iacobelli
18, 19
E. Juette
20
A. Karastergiou
21
V.I. Kondratiev
3
M. Kramer
22
M. Kuniyoshi
4
G. Kuper
3
P. Maat
3
G. Mann
23
M. Mevius
3
M.J. Norden
H. Paas
3
M. Pandey-Pommier
24
G. Pietka
21
R. Pizzo
3
A.G. Polatidis
3
W. Reich
4
H. Röttgering
16
A.M.M. Scaife
25
D. Schwarz
O. Smirnov
26
B.W. Stappers
17
M. Steinmetz
27
A. Stewart
28
Michel Tagger
29
Y. Tang
30
C. Tasse
31
R. Vermeulen
C. Vocks
R.J. van Weeren
3
S.J. Wijnholds
3
O. Wucknitz
32
S. Yatawatta
11
P. Zarka
31
B.W. Stappers 17
Author
M. Steinmetz 27
Author
A. Stewart 28
Author
Michel Tagger 29
Author IdHAL : michel-tagger ResearcherId : http://www.researcherid.com/rid/O-6615-2014 IdRef : https://www.idref.fr/097156310 ORCID : https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2962-3220
P. Zarka 31
Author
1
Radboud university [Nijmegen] (Comeniuslaan 4, 6525 HP Nijmegen - Netherlands)
2
SETI Institute (189 Bernardo avenue, Mountain View CA 94043 - United States)
3
ASTRON - Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy (Oude Hoogeveensedijk 4, 7991 PD Dwingeloo / PO Box 2, 7990 AA Dwingeloo - Netherlands)
4
MPIFR - Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie (Auf dem Hügel 69 D-53121 Bonn - Germany)
5
KVI - Kernfysisch Versneller Instituut, Univ. of Groningen (9747 AA Groningen, The Netherlands - Netherlands)
- University of Groningen [Groningen] (PO Box 72 , 9700 AB Groningen - Netherlands)
6
IMAPP - Institute for Mathematics, Astrophysics and Particle Physics (P.O. Box 9010, 6500 GL Nijmegen - Netherlands)
- Radboud university [Nijmegen] (Comeniuslaan 4, 6525 HP Nijmegen - Netherlands)
7
University of Southampton (University Road, Southampton SO17 1BJ - United Kingdom)
8
CfA - Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics (60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA - United States)
- Harvard University [Cambridge] (Massachusetts Hall, Cambridge, MA 02138 - United States)
- Smithsonian Institution (PO Box 37012, Washington, DC 20013-7012 - United States)
9
University of Edinburgh (Old College South Bridge Edinburgh EH8 9YL - United Kingdom)
10
AIP - Leibniz-Institut für Astrophysik Potsdam (An der Sternwarte 16, 14482 Potsdam, Germany - Germany)
11
Kapteyn Astronomical Institute [Groningen] (PO Box 800, 9700 AV, Groningen - Netherlands)
- University of Groningen [Groningen] (PO Box 72 , 9700 AB Groningen - Netherlands)
12
Jacobs University [Bremen] (Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen - Germany)
13
Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics (Karl-Schwarzschild-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany - Germany)
- Max-Planck-Gesellschaft (Jägerstrasse, 10-11, D-10117 Berlin - Germany)
14
TLS - Thüringer Landessternwarte Tautenburg ( Sternwarte 5, 07778 Tautenburg - Germany)
15
Institute of Mathematical and Physical Sciences (United Kingdom)
16
Leiden Observatory [Leiden] (P.O. Box 9513, NL-2300 RA Leiden - Netherlands)
- Universiteit Leiden [Leiden] (P.O. Box 9500 2300 RA Leiden - Netherlands)
17
Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics (M13 9PL;Manchester - United Kingdom)
- University of Manchester [Manchester] (Oxford Rd, Manchester M13 9PL - United Kingdom)
18
CMLS - Centre de Mathématiques Laurent Schwartz (Ecole Polytechnique 91128 Palaiseau - France)
- X - École polytechnique (École polytechnique, 91128 Palaiseau Cedex - France)
- CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique : UMR7640 (France)
19
Sapienza University of Rome - Dipartimento di Matematica "Guido Castelnuovo" [Roma I] (Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma - Italy)
- Università degli Studi di Roma "La Sapienza" [Rome] (Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma - Italy)
20
Ruhr-Universität Bochum [Bochum] (Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum - Germany)
21
Oxford Astrophysics (Denys Wilkinson Building, Keble Road, Oxford OX1 3RH, UK - United Kingdom)
- University of Oxford [Oxford] (Wellington Square, Oxford OX1 2JD - United Kingdom)
22
VUMC - Vrije Universiteit Medical Centre (PO Box 7057 1007 MB Amsterdam - Netherlands)
- VU - Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (De Boelelaan 1105 1081 HV Amsterdam - Netherlands)
23
AIP - Leibniz-Institut für Astrophysik Potsdam (An der Sternwarte 16, 14482 Potsdam - Germany)
24
CRAL - Centre de Recherche Astrophysique de Lyon (9 Avenue Charles André 69561 ST GENIS LAVAL CEDEX - France)
- ENS Lyon - École normale supérieure - Lyon (15 parvis René Descartes - BP 7000 - 69342 Lyon Cedex 07 - France)
- UCBL - Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (43, boulevard du 11 novembre 1918, 69622 Villeurbanne cedex - France)
- Université de Lyon (92 rue Pasteur - CS 30122, 69361 Lyon Cedex 07 - France)
- INSU - CNRS - Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU-CNRS 3 rue Michel-Ange, 75794 Paris Cedex 16 - France)
- CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique : UMR5574 (France)
25
School of Physics and Astronomy [Southampton] (Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ - United Kingdom)
- University of Southampton (University Road, Southampton SO17 1BJ - United Kingdom)
26
Rhodes University, Grahamstown (Rhodes University • Rhodes University, P.O. Box 94 Grahamstown 6140 South Africa - South Africa)
27
DSMZ - Leibniz-Institut DSMZ-Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen GmbH / Leibniz Institute DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures (Inhoffenstraße 7B, 38124 Braunschweig - Germany)
28
LASP - Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics [Boulder] (1234 Innovation Drive, Boulder, CO 80303-7814 - United States)
- University of Colorado [Boulder] (Boulder, Colorado 80309 - United States)
29
LPC2E - Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l'Environnement et de l'Espace (3A, Avenue de la Recherche Scientifique 45071 Orléans cedex 2 - France)
- OSUC - Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre : UMS3116 (Campus Géosciences, 1A rue de la Férollerie, 45071 Orléans - France)
- INSU - CNRS - Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU-CNRS 3 rue Michel-Ange, 75794 Paris Cedex 16 - France)
- Observatoire de Paris (61 Av de l'Observatoire 75014 PARIS - France)
- PSL - Université Paris sciences et lettres (60 rue Mazarine 75006 Paris - France)
- UO - Université d'Orléans (Château de la Source - Avenue du Parc Floral - BP 6749 - 45067 Orléans cedex 2 - France)
- CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique : UMS3116 (France)
- CNES - Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] : UMR 7328 (Siège social : 2 place Maurice Quentin, 75039 Paris - France)
30
SYSU - Sun Yat-Sen University [Guangzhou] (135 Xingang W Rd, Haizhu, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China - China)
31
LESIA - Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (5, place Jules Janssen 92190 MEUDON - France)
- UPMC - Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (4 place Jussieu - 75005 Paris - France)
- INSU - CNRS - Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU-CNRS 3 rue Michel-Ange, 75794 Paris Cedex 16 - France)
- Observatoire de Paris (61 Av de l'Observatoire 75014 PARIS - France)
- PSL - Université Paris sciences et lettres (60 rue Mazarine 75006 Paris - France)
- UPD7 - Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (5 rue Thomas-Mann - 75205 Paris cedex 13 - France)
- CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique : UMR8109 (France)
32
AlfA - Argelander-Institut für Astronomie ( Auf dem Hügel 71, 53121 Bonn - Germany)
- Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn (Regina-Pacis-Weg 3, 53113 Bonn - Germany)
Abstract : Measuring radio emission from air showers offers a novel way to determine properties of the primary cosmic rays such as their mass and energy. Theory predicts that relativistic time compression effects lead to a ring of amplified emission which starts to dominate the emission pattern for frequencies above ∼100∼100 MHz. In this article we present the first detailed measurements of this structure. Ring structures in the radio emission of air showers are measured with the LOFAR radio telescope in the frequency range of 110–190 MHz. These data are well described by CoREAS simulations. They clearly confirm the importance of including the index of refraction of air as a function of height. Furthermore, the presence of the Cherenkov ring offers the possibility for a geometrical measurement of the depth of shower maximum, which in turn depends on the mass of the primary particle.
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Contributor : Nathalie Rouchon <>
Submitted on : Tuesday, April 21, 2020 - 1:35:28 PM
Last modification on : Wednesday, September 23, 2020 - 4:39:45 AM
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- HAL Id : insu-01271487, version 1
- ARXIV : 1411.6865
- BIBCODE : 2015APh....65...11N
- DOI : 10.1016/j.astropartphys.2014.11.006
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Citation
A. Nelles, P. Schellart, S. Buitink, A. Corstanje, K.D. de Vries, et al.. Measuring a Cherenkov ring in the radio emission from air showers at 110–190MHz with LOFAR. Astroparticle Physics, Elsevier, 2015, 65, pp.11-21. ⟨10.1016/j.astropartphys.2014.11.006⟩. ⟨insu-01271487⟩
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