Solid Ammonium Sulfate Aerosols as Ice Nuclei: A Pathway for Cirrus Cloud Formation, Science, vol.313, issue.5794, pp.313-1770, 2006. ,
DOI : 10.1126/science.1129726
Sulfate formation in sea-salt aerosols: Constraints from oxygen isotopes, Journal of Geophysical Research, vol.35, issue.D20, pp.1030710-1029, 2005. ,
DOI : 10.1029/2004JD005659
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00373717
Transition metal-catalyzed oxidation of atmospheric sulfur: Global implications for the sulfur budget, Journal of Geophysical Research, vol.39, issue.1, pp.10-1029, 2009. ,
DOI : 10.1029/2008JD010486
Nutrient fluxes from water to land: seabirds affect plant nutrient status on Gulf of California islands, Oecologia, vol.118, issue.3, pp.324-33210, 1999. ,
DOI : 10.1007/s004420050733
Estimation of the net air-sea flux of ammonia over the southern bight of the North Sea, Atmospheric Environment, vol.28, issue.22, pp.3647-3654, 1994. ,
DOI : 10.1016/1352-2310(94)00192-N
Evaluation of a regional air-quality model with bidirectional NH<sub>3</sub> exchange coupled to an agroecosystem model, Biogeosciences, vol.10, issue.3, pp.1635-164510, 1635. ,
DOI : 10.5194/bg-10-1635-2013
Ammonia in the summertime Arctic marine boundary layer Ammonia/ammonium dissociation coefficient in seawater: A significant numerical correction, Environ. Chem, vol.5, pp.183-18610, 2008. ,
Global modeling of tropospheric chemistry with assimilated meteorology: Model description and evaluation, Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, vol.37, issue.D19, p.2307310, 1029. ,
DOI : 10.1029/2001JD000807
Application of tracer ratio and inverse dispersion methods with boat-based plume measurements to estimate ammonia emissions from seabird colonies, Water, Air, & Soil Pollution: Focus, vol.27, issue.6, pp.279-28510, 2004. ,
DOI : 10.1007/s11267-005-3038-4
Ammonia emissions from seabird colonies, Geophysical Research Letters, vol.27, issue.10, pp.1-510, 2007. ,
DOI : 10.1029/2006GL028928
Nitrogen flixation and identification of potential diazotrophs in the Canadian Arctic, Global Biogeochem. Cy, pp.10-1029, 2012. ,
A global high-resolution emission inventory for ammonia, Global Biogeochemical Cycles, vol.18, issue.4, pp.561-587, 1997. ,
DOI : 10.1029/97GB02266
Annual distributions and sources of Arctic aerosol components, aerosol optical depth, and aerosol absorption, Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, vol.108, issue.D14, pp.4107-412410, 2014. ,
DOI : 10.1029/2002JD002775
The Lagrangian particle dispersion model FLEXPART-WRF version 3.1, Geosci. Model Dev, pp.1889-190410, 1889. ,
Ocean-atmosphere trace gas exchange, Chemical Society Reviews, vol.102, issue.D17, pp.6473-650610, 2012. ,
DOI : 10.1007/s10533-10011-19662-10533
Aerosol composition and sources in the central Arctic Ocean during ASCOS, Atmos. Chem. Phys, vol.115194, pp.10619-1063610, 2011. ,
Nitrogen fixation in arctic plant communities, in Arctic Ecosystems in a Changing Climate: An Ecophysiological Perspective, pp.301-319, 1992. ,
An efficient thermal infrared radiation parameterization for use in general circulation models, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, NASA Tech, 1994. ,
) fixation in natural ecosystems, Global Biogeochemical Cycles, vol.22, issue.2, pp.623-64510, 1029. ,
DOI : 10.1029/1999GB900014
The Quick Fire Emissions Dataset (QFED) ? Documentation of versions 2.1, 2.2 and 2.4, NASA Technical Report Series on Global Modeling and Data Assimilation, 2013. ,
Ecosystem Feedbacks and Nitrogen Fixation in Boreal Forests, Science, vol.320, issue.5880, 1181. ,
DOI : 10.1126/science.1154836
The atmospheric input of trace species to the world ocean, Global Biogeochemical Cycles, vol.95, issue.suppl. 2, pp.193-25910, 1029. ,
DOI : 10.1029/91GB01778
The impact of transpacific transport of mineral dust in the United States, Atmospheric Environment, vol.41, issue.6, pp.1251-1266, 2007. ,
DOI : 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2006.09.048
Impact of mineral dust on nitrate, sulfate, and ozone in transpacific Asian pollution plumes, Atmos. Chem. Phys, vol.105194, pp.3999-401210, 2010. ,
and BrCl via uptake of HOBr onto aqueous salt solutions, Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, vol.101, issue.D19, pp.23719-23727, 1999. ,
DOI : 10.1029/1999JD900359
Sources, distribution, and acidity of sulfateammonium aerosol in the Arctic in winter-spring, ISORROPIA II: a computationally efficient thermodynamic equilibrium model for K + - Ca 2+ -Mg 2+ -NH + 4 -Na + -SO 2? 4 -NO ? 3 -Cl ? -H 2 O aerosols, pp.7301-7318, 2007. ,
Climate change, ice conditions and reproduction in an Arctic nesting marine bird: Brunnich's guillemot (Uria lomvia L.), Journal of Animal Ecology, vol.52, issue.5, pp.832-841, 2005. ,
DOI : 10.1038/416389a
Fluxes of soluble gases in the marine atmosphere surface layer, pp.111-127, 1998. ,
Ocean-atmosphere exchange and atmospheric speciation of ammonia and methylamines in the region of the NW Arabian Sea, Global Biogeochemical Cycles, vol.101, issue.10, pp.161-17810, 1999. ,
DOI : 10.1029/98GB00743
The Acetylene-Ethylene Assay for N2 Fixation: Laboratory and Field Evaluation, PLANT PHYSIOLOGY, vol.43, issue.8, pp.1185-1207, 1968. ,
DOI : 10.1104/pp.43.8.1185
Nitrogen Fixation in Surface Soils and Vegetation in an Arctic Tundra Watershed: A Key Source of Atmospheric Nitrogen, Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research, vol.38, issue.3, pp.363-372, 2006. ,
DOI : 10.1657/1523-0430(2006)38[363:NFISSA]2.0.CO;2
A simple and precise method for measuring ammonium in marine and freshwater ecosystems, Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, vol.56, issue.10, pp.1801-180810, 1999. ,
DOI : 10.1139/f99-128
A Revised Approach to Ice Microphysical Processes for the Bulk Parameterization of Clouds and Precipitation, Monthly Weather Review, vol.132, issue.1, pp.103-120, 2004. ,
DOI : 10.1175/1520-0493(2004)132<0103:ARATIM>2.0.CO;2
Radiative forcing by long-lived greenhouse gases: Calculations with the AER radiative transfer models, Journal of Geophysical Research, vol.19, issue.D13, pp.10-1029, 2008. ,
DOI : 10.1029/2008JD009944
The Step-Mountain Eta Coordinate Model: Further Developments of the Convection, Viscous Sublayer, and Turbulence Closure Schemes, Monthly Weather Review, vol.122, issue.5, pp.927-945, 1994. ,
DOI : 10.1175/1520-0493(1994)122<0927:TSMECM>2.0.CO;2
The surface layer in the NCEP eta Model, in: Eleventh conference on numerical weather prediction, pp.19-23, 1996. ,
Nonsingular implementation of the Mellor-Yamada Level 2.5 Scheme in the NCEP Meso model, National Centers for Environmental Prediction, Office Note No, vol.437, p.61, 2002. ,
The air-sea flux of ammonia, 2004. ,
A numerical scheme to calculate temperature and salinity dependent air-water transfer velocities for any gas, Ocean Sci, pp.913-93210, 2010. ,
Coupling between dimethylsulfide emissions and the ocean???atmosphere exchange of ammonia, Environmental Chemistry, vol.5, issue.4, pp.259-267, 2008. ,
DOI : 10.1071/EN08030
Field observations of the ocean-atmosphere exchange of ammonia: Fundamental importance of temperature as revealed by a comparison of high and low latitudes, Global Biogeochemical Cycles, vol.31, issue.D10, pp.1-1510, 1029. ,
DOI : 10.1029/2007GB003039
The Kain???Fritsch Convective Parameterization: An Update, Journal of Applied Meteorology, vol.43, issue.1, pp.170-181, 2004. ,
DOI : 10.1175/1520-0450(2004)043<0170:TKCPAU>2.0.CO;2
Effects of atmospheric ammonia (NH3) on terrestrial vegetation: a review, Environmental Pollution, vol.124, issue.2, pp.179-22110, 2003. ,
DOI : 10.1016/S0269-7491(02)00434-7
An updated climatology of surface dimethlysulfide concentrations and emission fluxes in the global ocean, Global Biogeochemical Cycles, vol.35, issue.6, p.10, 1029. ,
DOI : 10.1029/2010GB003850
Dimethyl sulfide control of the clean summertime Arctic aerosol and cloud, Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene, vol.1, p.17, 2013. ,
DOI : 10.12952/journal.elementa.000017.s002
Atmospheric program on the Arctic Ocean Expedition 1996 (AOE-96): An overview of scientific goals, experimental approach, and instruments, Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, vol.106, issue.D23, pp.32051-3206710, 2001. ,
DOI : 10.1029/2000JD900461
Nitric acid and ammonia at a rural northeastern U.S. site, Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, vol.27, issue.3, pp.10-1029, 1645. ,
DOI : 10.1029/1998JD100016
Ammonium in coastal Antarctic aerosol and snow: Role of polar ocean and penguin emissions, Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, vol.2, issue.D9, pp.11043-11056, 1998. ,
DOI : 10.1029/97JD01976
Biogenic secondary organic aerosol over the United States: Comparison of climatological simulations with observations, Journal of Geophysical Research, vol.17, issue.4, pp.10-1029, 2007. ,
DOI : 10.1029/2006JD007813
Impacts of boundary layer mixing on pollutant vertical profiles in the lower troposphere: Implications to satellite remote sensing, Atmospheric Environment, vol.44, issue.14, pp.1726-1739, 2010. ,
DOI : 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.02.009
The Nitrogen Pathway in a Penguin Rookery, Ecology, vol.65, issue.1, pp.269-277, 1984. ,
DOI : 10.2307/1939479
Gas transfer: Experiments and geochemical implications, in Air-Sea Exchange of Gases and Particles, pp.241-298, 1983. ,
Flux of Gases across the Air-Sea Interface, Nature, vol.175, issue.5438, pp.181-18410, 1038. ,
DOI : 10.1038/247181a0
Be on wet deposition and transport in a global three-dimensional chemical tracer model driven by assimilated meteorological fields, Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, vol.II, issue.2, pp.12109-12128, 2001. ,
DOI : 10.1029/2000JD900839
Modeling the summertime evolution of sea-ice melt ponds, Journal of Geophysical Research, vol.105, issue.C9, pp.10-1029, 2006. ,
DOI : 10.1029/2004JC002818
DOES SEA ICE CONSTRAIN THE BREEDING SCHEDULES OF HIGH ARCTIC NORTHERN FULMARS?, The Condor, vol.109, issue.4, pp.894-906, 2007. ,
DOI : 10.1650/0010-5422(2007)109[894:DSICTB]2.0.CO;2
Characterization and optimization of an online system for the simultaneous measurement of atmospheric water-soluble constituents in the gas and particle phases, Journal of Environmental Monitoring, vol.46, issue.7, pp.187210-1039, 2012. ,
DOI : 10.1039/c2em00004k
Ammonia in the summertime Arctic marine boundary layer ,
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-01226053
Prevalence, structure and properties of subsurface chlorophyll maxima in Canadian Arctic waters, Marine Ecology Progress Series, vol.412, pp.69-84, 2010. ,
DOI : 10.3354/meps08666
Effects of the physical state of tropospheric ammonium-sulfate-nitrate particles on global aerosol direct radiative forcing, Atmos. Chem. Phys, vol.45194, pp.183-21410, 2004. ,
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00295392
Resourcebased niches provide a basis for plant species diversity and dominance in arctic tundra, Nature, pp.415-68, 1038. ,
Biogeochemical Cycles of Ammonia and Dimehtylsulphide in the Marine Environment, 2001. ,
Spring Migration and Habitat Use by Seabirds in Eastern Lancaster Sound and Western Baffin Bay, ARCTIC, vol.35, issue.1, pp.88-111, 1982. ,
DOI : 10.14430/arctic2310
Basic laws of turbulent mixing in the surface layer of the atmosphere ,
In situ evaluation of air-sea gas exchange parameterizations using novel conservative and volatile tracers, Global Biogeochemical Cycles, vol.28, issue.1, pp.37310-1029, 2000. ,
DOI : 10.1029/1999GB900091
Distribution of marine boundary layer ammonia over the Atlantic and Indian Oceans during the Aerosols99 cruise, Journal of Geophysical Research, vol.101, issue.D19, pp.1630210-1029, 2005. ,
DOI : 10.1029/2005JD005866
Sources of carbonaceous aerosols over the United States and implications for natural visibility, Journal of Geophysical Research, vol.17, issue.D14, pp.10-1029, 2003. ,
DOI : 10.1029/2002JD003190
Natural and trans-boundary pollution influences on sulphate-nitrateammonium aerosols in the United States: Implications for policy, J. Geophys. Res, pp.10-1029, 2004. ,
Regional visibility statistics in the United States: Natural and transboundary pollution influences, and implications for the Regional Haze Rule, Regional visibility statistics in the United States: Natural and transboundary pollution influences, and implications for the Regional Haze Rule, pp.5405-5423, 2006. ,
DOI : 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2006.04.059
Global oceanic emission of ammonia: Constraints from seawater and atmospheric observations, Global Biogeochemical Cycles, vol.8, issue.16, pp.1165-117810, 1002. ,
DOI : 10.1002/2015GB005106
A single parameter representation of hygroscopic growth and cloud condensation nucleus activity, Atmos. Chem. Phys, vol.7, 1961. ,
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00296196
Simultaneous observations of ammonia in the atmosphere and ocean, Nature, vol.335, issue.6188, pp.336-338, 1988. ,
DOI : 10.1038/335336a0
Interactions between the sulfur and reduced nitrogen cycles over the central Pacific Ocean, Journal of Geophysical Research, vol.34, issue.D10, pp.16405-16416, 1990. ,
DOI : 10.1029/JD095iD10p16405
Equilibria of the marine multiphase ammonia system, Equilibria of the Marine Muitiphase Ammonia System, pp.11-30, 1992. ,
DOI : 10.1007/BF00115219
Estimation of the air/sea exchange of ammonia for the North Atlantic Basin, Biogeochemistry, vol.97, issue.1, pp.275-30410, 1996. ,
DOI : 10.1007/BF02179831
Reactive nitrogen in atmospheric emission inventories, Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, vol.9, issue.19, pp.7657-767710, 2009. ,
DOI : 10.5194/acp-9-7657-2009
The global distribution of ammonia emissions from seabird colonies, Atmospheric Environment, vol.55, pp.319-327, 2012. ,
DOI : 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.02.052
Global ammonia emissions from seabirds, NERC Environmental Information Data Centre, pp.9-802, 2012. ,
Measurement of ammonia emissions from tropical seabird colonies, Atmospheric Environment, vol.89, pp.35-42, 2014. ,
DOI : 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.02.012
Atmospheric concentrations of ammonia and nitrogen dioxide at a tropical coral cay with high seabird density, J. Environ. Monit., vol.181, issue.2, pp.460-46510, 2010. ,
DOI : 10.1039/B910922F
Flux estimation of oceanic dimethyl sulfide around North America, Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, vol.16, issue.6, pp.21327-21342, 1999. ,
DOI : 10.1029/1999JD900207
Influence of transport and ocean ice extent on biogenic aerosol sulfur in the Arctic atmosphere, Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, vol.4, issue.6, p.10, 1029. ,
DOI : 10.5194/acp-4-589-2004
Response to Fertilization by Various Plant Growth Forms in an Alaskan Tundra: Nutrient Accumulation and Growth, Ecology, vol.61, issue.3, pp.662-67510, 1980. ,
DOI : 10.2307/1937432
A description of the advanced research WRF version 2, National Center for Atmospheric Research, 2005. ,
How is nitrogen fixation in the high arctic linked to greenhouse gas emissions?, Plant and Soil, vol.37, issue.1-2, pp.215-229, 1282. ,
DOI : 10.1007/s11104-012-1282-8
Topography as a key factor driving atmospheric nitrogen exchanges in arctic terrestrial ecosystems, Soil Biology and Biochemistry, vol.70, pp.96-112, 2014. ,
DOI : 10.1016/j.soilbio.2013.12.005
Technical note: The Lagrangian particle dispersion model FLEXPART version 6.2, Atmos. Chem. Phys, vol.55194, pp.2461-247410, 2005. ,
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00295743
Climatological distributions of pH, pCO2, total CO2, alkalinity, and CaCO3 saturation in the global surface ocean, and temporal changes at selected locations, Marine Chemistry, vol.164, pp.95-125, 2014. ,
DOI : 10.1016/j.marchem.2014.06.004
Implementation and verification of the unified NOAH land surface model, 20th Conference on Weather Analysis and Forecast- ing/16th Conference on Numerical Weather Prediction, pp.10-15, 2004. ,
Ammonia emissions from a Cape fur seal colony, Cape Cross, Namibia, Geophysical Research Letters, vol.131, issue.3, pp.381210-1029, 2006. ,
DOI : 10.1029/2005GL024384
Analysis of aircraft and satellite measurements from the Intercontinental Chemical Transport Experiment (INTEX-B) to quantify long-range transport of East Asian sulfur to Canada, Nitrogen cycling in tundra and boreal ecosystems Terrestrial Nitrogen Cycles Swedish National Research Council, pp.375-404, 1981. ,
Sources of carbonaceous aerosols and deposited black carbon in the Arctic in winter-spring: implications for radiative forcing, Atmos. Chem. Phys, vol.115194, pp.12453-1247310, 2011. ,
Parameterization of surface resistances to gaseous dry deposition in regional-scale numerical models, Atmospheric Environment (1967), vol.23, issue.6, pp.1293-130410, 1989. ,
DOI : 10.1016/0004-6981(89)90153-4
Modeling the distribution of ammonia across Europe including bi-directional surface-atmosphere exchange, Biogeosciences, vol.95194, pp.5261-527710, 2012. ,
Modelling the spatial distribution of ammonia emissions from seabirds in the UK, Environmental Pollution, vol.131, pp.173-185, 2004. ,
DOI : 10.1016/S0269-7491(04)00104-6
Potential ammonia emissions from penguin guano, ornithogenic soils and seal colony soils in coastal Antarctica: effects of freezing-thawing cycles and selected environmental variables, Antarctic Science, vol.11, issue.01, pp.78-9210, 2011. ,
DOI : 10.1016/S1352-2310(96)00250-6