A. Affolter, J. L. Faure, J. P. Gratier, and B. Colletta, Kinematic models of deformation at the front of the Alps: new data from map-view restoration, Swiss Journal of Geosciences, vol.101, issue.2, pp.289-303, 2008.
DOI : 10.1007/s00015-008-1263-3
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00366364

A. J. Barber, The history of the Moine Thrust Zone, Lochcarron and Lochalsh, Scotland, Proceedings of the Geolocal Association, pp.215-242, 1965.
DOI : 10.1016/S0016-7878(65)80026-8

J. C. Barféty, M. Gidon, M. Lemoine, and R. Mouterde, Tectonique synsédimentaire liasique dans les massifs cristallins de la zone externe des Alpes occidentales françaises: la faille du col d'Ornon, Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences, pp.1207-1210, 1979.

R. Bayer, M. T. Carozzo, R. Lanza, M. Miletto, and D. Rey, Gravity modelling along the ECORS-CROP vertical seismic reflection profile through the Western Alps, Tectonophysics, vol.162, issue.3-4, pp.203-218, 1989.
DOI : 10.1016/0040-1951(89)90244-8

A. Beach, Thrust tectonics and cover-basement relations on the northern margin of the Pelvoux massif, French Alps, Eclogae geol. Helv, vol.74, pp.471-479, 1981.

S. J. Buiter and O. A. Pfiffner, Numerical models of the inversion of half-graben basins, Tectonics, vol.252, issue.47, pp.10-1029, 2003.
DOI : 10.1029/2002TC001417

M. Burkhard, L'helvétique de la bordure occidentale du massif de l'Aar (Evolution tectonique et métamorphique) Eclogae Geologicae Helvetiae, pp.63-114, 1988.

M. Burkhard and A. Sommaruga, Evolution of the western Swiss Molasse basin: structural relations with the Alps and the Jura belt, Cenozoic Foreland Basins of Western Europe. Geological Society Special Publications, pp.279-298
DOI : 10.1144/GSL.SP.1998.134.01.13

E. B. Burov and M. Diament, ) of continental lithosphere: What does it really mean?, Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, vol.95, issue.suppl. 1, pp.3905-3927, 1995.
DOI : 10.1029/94JB02770

E. Burov, Y. , and P. , Continental plate collision, P???T???t???z conditions and unstable vs. stable plate dynamics: Insights from thermo-mechanical modelling, Lithos, vol.103, issue.1-2, pp.178-204, 2008.
DOI : 10.1016/j.lithos.2007.09.014
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00322677

R. W. Butler, Balanced cross-sections and their implications for the deep structure of the northwest Alps, Journal of Structural Geology, vol.5, issue.2, pp.125-137, 1983.
DOI : 10.1016/0191-8141(83)90038-X

R. W. Butler, The influence of pre-existing basin structure on thrust system evolution in the Western Alps, Inversion Tectonics, 1989.
DOI : 10.1144/GSL.SP.1989.044.01.07

R. W. Butler, E. Tavarnelli, and M. Grasso, Structural inheritance in mountain belts: An Alpine???Apennine perspective, Journal of Structural Geology, vol.28, issue.11, pp.1893-1908, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jsg.2006.09.006

R. W. Butler, R. E. Holdsworth, and S. J. Matthews, Styles of basement involvment in the Moine Thrust Belt, NW Scotland, Styles of Continental Contraction, pp.133-151, 2006.

R. W. Butler, R. D. Law, R. W. Butler, R. E. Holdsworth, M. Krabbendau et al., The role of thrust tectonic models in understanding structural evolution in NW Scotland (eds) Continental Tectonics and Mountain Building: The Legacy of Peach and Horne, pp.293-320, 1144.

N. Challandes, D. Marquer, and I. M. Villa, P-T-t modelling, fluid circulation, and 39Ar-40Ar and Rb-Sr mica ages in the Aar Massif shear zones (Swiss Alps), Swiss Journal of Geosciences, vol.101, issue.2, pp.269-288, 2008.
DOI : 10.1007/s00015-008-1260-6

P. Choukroune and D. Gapais, Strain pattern in the Aar Granite, 1983.

B. Colletta, L. Quellec, P. Letouzey, J. Moretti, and I. , Longitudinal evolution of the Suez rift structure (Egypt), Tectonophysics, vol.153, issue.1-4, pp.221-233, 1984.
DOI : 10.1016/0040-1951(88)90017-0

E. O. Cristallini, R. , and V. A. , Thick-skinned and thin-skinned thrusting in the La Ramada fold and thrust belt: crustal evolution of the High Andes of, pp.205-235, 2000.

C. Crouzet, G. Menard, R. , and P. , Cooling history of the Dauphinoise Zone (Western Alps, France) deduced from the thermopaleomagnetic record: geodynamic implications, Tectonophysics, vol.340, issue.1-2, pp.79-93, 2001.
DOI : 10.1016/S0040-1951(01)00142-1
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00737053

J. L. Epard, Le contact entre le socle du Mont-Blanc et la zone de Chamonix: Implications tectoniques, Bull. Soc. Vaudoise Sci. Nat, vol.78, pp.225-245, 1986.

M. Faccenda, G. Minelli, and T. V. Gerya, Coupled and decoupled regimes of continental collision: Numerical modeling, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, vol.278, issue.3-4, pp.337-349, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.epsl.2008.12.021

M. Ford and . France, Kinematics and geometry of early Alpine, basement involved folds, Eclogae Geologicae Helvetiae, vol.89, pp.269-295, 1996.

M. Ford, S. Duchêne, D. Gasquet, and O. Vanderhaeghe, Two-phase orogenic convergence in the external and internal SW Alps, Journal of the Geological Society, vol.163, issue.5, pp.815-826, 2006.
DOI : 10.1144/0016-76492005-034

M. Gidon, Le rôle des étapes successives de déformation dans la tectonique alpine du Massif du Pelvoux (Alpes occidentales) Comptes Rendus de l, Academie des Sciences, vol.288, pp.803-806, 1979.

M. Gidon, L'origine des abrupts septentrionaux du Taillefer, massifs cristallins externes, Géologie Alpine, vol.75, pp.103-109, 1999.

M. Gidon, Les massifs cristallins externes des Alpes occidentales françaises sont-ils charriés? Géologie Alpine, pp.23-38, 2001.

R. Gillcrist, M. Coward, and J. L. Mugnier, Structural inversion and its controls : examples from the Alpine foreland and the French Alps, Geodinamica Acta, vol.1, issue.1, pp.5-34, 1987.
DOI : 10.1080/09853111.1987.11105122

P. Gourlay, The alpine deformation of the basement and the cover in the mont-blanc area (western alps) Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France 2, pp.159-169, 1986.

J. Gratier and P. Vialon, Deformation pattern in a heterogeneous material: Folded and cleaved sedimentary cover immediately overlying a crystalline basement (Oisans, French Alps), Tectonophysics, vol.65, issue.1-2, pp.151-179, 1980.
DOI : 10.1016/0040-1951(80)90228-0

J. A. Jackson, Reactivation of basement faults and crustal shortening in orogenic belts, Nature, vol.271, issue.5745, pp.343-346, 1980.
DOI : 10.1038/283343a0

M. Jullien and B. Goffé, Occurrences de cookéite et de pyrophylitte dans les schistes du Dauphinois, ): conséquences sur la répartition du métamorphisme dans les zones externes alpines. Schweizerische Mienralogische und Petrographische Mitteilungen, pp.357-363, 1993.

B. J. Kaus, C. Steedman, and T. W. Becker, From passive continental margin to mountain belt: Insights from analytical and numerical models and application to Taiwan, Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, vol.171, issue.1-4, pp.235-251, 2008.
DOI : 10.1016/j.pepi.2008.06.015

O. Lacombe and F. Mouthereau, Basement-involved shortening and deep detachment tectonics in forelands of orogens: Insights from recent collision belts (Taiwan, Western Alps, Pyrenees), Tectonics, vol.226, issue.B11, p.10, 1029.
DOI : 10.1029/2001TC901018
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01402189

J. M. Lardeaux, S. Schwartz, P. Tricart, A. Paul, S. Guillot et al., A crustal-scale cross-section of the south-western Alps combining geophysical and geological imagery, Terra Nova, vol.45, issue.6, pp.412-422
DOI : 10.1046/j.1365-246X.2002.01694.x
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00130583

P. H. Leloup, N. Arnaud, E. R. Sobel, and R. Lacassin, Alpine thermal and structural evolution of the highest external crystalline massif: The Mont Blanc, Tectonics, vol.79, issue.5, pp.10-1029, 2005.
DOI : 10.1029/2004TC001676
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00406419

M. Lemoine, T. Bas, A. Arnaud-vanneau, H. Arnaud, T. Dumont et al., The continental margin of the Mesozoic Tethys in the Western Alps, Marine and Petroleum Geology, vol.3, issue.3, pp.179-199, 1986.
DOI : 10.1016/0264-8172(86)90044-9

L. Pourhiet, L. Burov, E. Moretti, and I. , Rifting through a stack of inhomogeneous thrusts (the dipping pie concept), Tectonics, vol.348, issue.46, pp.10-1029, 2004.
DOI : 10.1029/2003TC001584
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00022416

J. Letouzey, Fault reactivation, inversion and foldthrust belt. in Petroleum and Tectonics in Mobile Belts, pp.101-128, 1990.

J. Malavieille, R. Lacassin, and M. Mattauer, Signification tectonique des lineations d'allongement dans les Alpes occidentales, Bulletin de la Societe Geologique de France, vol.7, issue.5, pp.895-906, 1984.
DOI : 10.2113/gssgfbull.S7-XXVI.5.895

D. Marquer, Structure et déformation alpine dans les granites hercyniens du massif du Gothard (Alpes centrales Suisses), Eclogae Geologicae Helvetiae, vol.83, pp.77-97, 1990.

D. Marquer, P. Calcagno, J. Barfety, and T. Baudin, 3D modelling and kinematics of the external zone of the french western Alps (Belledonne and Grand Châtelard Massifs, Maurienne Valley, Savoie) Eclogae Geologicae Helvetiae, doi 10, pp.15-21, 1007.

F. Masson, F. Gala, and P. H. Leloup, Une carte gravim??trique haute r??solution du massif du Mont-Blanc??: implications structurales, Comptes Rendus Geoscience, vol.334, issue.14, pp.1011-1019, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S1631-0713(02)01846-1

G. Menard, Relations entre structures profondes et structures superficielles dans le Sud- Est de la France, essai d'utilisation de données géophysiques, 1979.

G. Menard and F. Thouvenot, Balanced cross-sections at crustal scale: methods and application to the western Alps, Geodinamica Acta l, pp.35-45, 1987.

A. Michard, T. Dumont, L. Andreani, and N. Loget, Cretaceous folding in the Dévoluy mountains (Subalpine Chains, France): gravity-driven detachment at the European paleomargin versus compressional event, Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France 181, pp.565-581, 2010.

J. Mosar, Present-day and future tectonic underplating in the western Swiss Alps: reconciliation of basement/wrench-faulting and d??collement folding of the Jura and Molasse basin in the Alpine foreland, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, vol.173, issue.3, pp.143-155, 1999.
DOI : 10.1016/S0012-821X(99)00238-1

F. Mouthereau and O. Lacombe, Inversion of the Paleogene Chinese continental margin and thick-skinned deformation in the Western Foreland of Taiwan, Journal of Structural Geology, vol.28, issue.11, pp.1977-1993, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jsg.2006.08.007
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00023777

F. Mouthereau and C. Petit, Rheology and strength of the Eurasian continental lithosphere in the foreland of the Taiwan collision belt: Constraints from seismicity, flexure, and structural styles, Journal of Geophysical Research, vol.97, issue.B9, pp.10-1029, 2003.
DOI : 10.1029/2002JB002098
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00023538

J. L. Mugnier, S. Guellec, G. Menard, F. Roure, M. Tardy et al., A crustal scale balanced cross-section through the external Alps deduced from the ECORS profile, 1990.

A. Nicolas, A. Hirn, R. Nicolich, R. Polino, E. The et al., Lithospheric wedging in the western Alps inferred from the ECORS-CROP traverse, Geology, vol.18, issue.7, pp.587-590, 1990.
DOI : 10.1130/0091-7613(1990)018<0587:LWITWA>2.3.CO;2

E. Oliot, P. Goncalves, and D. Marquer, Role of plagioclase and reaction softening in a metagranite shear zone at mid-crustal conditions, 2010.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00483312

O. A. Pfiffner, P. Lehner, P. Heitzmann, S. Müller, and A. Steck, Deep Structure of the Swiss Alps: Results of NRP 20, 1997.
DOI : 10.1007/978-3-0348-9098-4

Y. Phillippe, E. Deville, and A. Mascle, Thin-skinned inversion tectonics at oblique basin margins: example of the western Vercors and Chartreuse Subalpine massifs (SE France), Geological Society, London, Special Publications, vol.134, issue.1, 1998.
DOI : 10.1144/GSL.SP.1998.134.01.11

J. G. Ramsay, Tectonics of the Helvetic Nappes, Thrust and Nappe Tectonics, pp.293-309, 1981.
DOI : 10.1144/GSL.SP.1981.009.01.26

G. Ranalli, Rheology of the Earth, 1995.

Y. Rolland, S. F. Cox, A. M. Boullier, G. Pennacchioni, and N. Mancktelow, Rare earth and trace element mobility in mid-crustal shear zones: insights from the Mont Blanc Massif (Western Alps), Earth and Planetary Science Letters, vol.214, issue.1-2, pp.203-219, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S0012-821X(03)00372-8
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00107208

Y. Rolland, M. Corsini, M. Rossi, S. F. Cox, G. Pennacchioni et al., Comment on ''Alpine thermal and structural evolution of the highest external crystalline massif: The Mont Blanc, 2007.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00199710

Y. Rolland, M. Rossi, S. F. Cox, M. Corsini, A. M. Boullier et al., 40Ar/39Ar dating of syn-kinematic white mica: insights for fluid?rock reaction in low-grade shear zones (Mont Blanc Massif) and constraints on timing of deformation in the NW external Alps, 2008.

Y. Rolland, S. F. Cox, and M. Corsini, Constraining deformation stages in brittle???ductile shear zones from combined field mapping and 40Ar/39Ar dating: The structural evolution of the Grimsel Pass area (Aar Massif, Swiss Alps), Journal of Structural Geology, vol.31, issue.11, pp.1377-1394
DOI : 10.1016/j.jsg.2009.08.003
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00417767

F. Roure, P. Heitzmann, and R. Polino, Deep structure of the Alps, Mémoire de la Société géologique de France 156, p.pp, 1990.

F. Roure, C. , and B. , Cenozoic inversion structures in the foreland of the Pyrenees and Alps, Peri-Tethys Memoir, 1996.

G. Sanchez, Y. Rolland, M. Jolivet, S. Brichau, M. Corsini et al., Exhumation controlled by transcurrent tectonics: the Argentera-Mercantour massif (SW Alps), Terra Nova, vol.148, issue.3, 2011.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1365-3121.2011.00991.x
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00585854

E. Saura and A. Teixell, Inversion of small basins: effects on structural variations at the leading edge of the Axial Zone antiformal stack (Southern Pyrenees, Spain), Journal of Structural Geology, vol.28, issue.11, pp.1909-1920, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jsg.2006.06.005

S. M. Schmid, B. Fügenschuh, E. Kissling, and R. Schuster, Tectonic map and overall architecture of the Alpine orogen, Eclogae Geologicae Helvetiae, vol.97, issue.1, pp.93-117, 2004.
DOI : 10.1007/s00015-004-1113-x

R. H. Sibson, Selective fault reactivation during basin inversion: potential for fluid redistribution through fault-valve action, Basin Inversion, pp.3-19, 1995.
DOI : 10.1144/GSL.SP.1995.088.01.02

T. Simon-labric, Y. Rolland, T. Dumont, T. Heymes, C. Authemayou et al., Ar dating of Penninic Front tectonic displacement (W Alps) during the Lower Oligocene (31-34???Ma), Terra Nova, vol.120, issue.2, 2009.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1365-3121.2009.00865.x
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00411593

H. D. Sinclair, Tectonostratigraphic model for underfilled peripheral foreland basins : An Alpine perspective, Geological Society of America Bulletin, vol.109, issue.3, pp.324-346, 1997.
DOI : 10.1130/0016-7606(1997)109<0324:TMFUPF>2.3.CO;2

. Notre-dame, Comptes Rendus de l'Academie des Sciences -Series IIA -Earth and Planetary Science, pp.847-854

F. Thouvenot, A. Paul, J. Frechet, N. Bethoux, L. Jenatton et al., Are there really superposed Mohos in the southwestern Alps? New seismic data from fan-profiling reflections, Geophysical Journal International, vol.170, issue.3, pp.1180-1194, 2007.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1365-246X.2007.03463.x

P. Tricart and M. Lemoine, From faulted blocks to megamullions and megaboudins: Tethyan heritage in the structure of the western Alps, Tectonics, vol.44, issue.2, pp.95-118, 1986.
DOI : 10.1029/TC005i001p00095

M. Trift and P. C. De-graciansky, Aspects of the tethyan rifting -small-scale grabens and mega-breccias of late liassic age on top of the emparis plateau (isere and hautes-alpes, france), pp.643-650, 1988.

H. Van-baelen and M. Sintubin, Kinematic consequences of an angular unconformity in simple shear: an example from the southern border of the Lower Palaeozoic Rocroi inlier (Naux, France), Bulletin de la Societe Geologique de France, vol.179, issue.1, pp.73-87, 2008.
DOI : 10.2113/gssgfbull.179.1.73

P. A. Van-der-beek, P. G. Vall, F. Herman, J. Braun, C. Persano et al., Inversion of thermochronological age???elevation profiles to extract independent estimates of denudation and relief history ??? II: Application to the French Western Alps, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, vol.296, issue.1-2, pp.9-22, 2010.
DOI : 10.1016/j.epsl.2010.04.032
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00549849

A. J. Vernon, P. Vanderbeek, H. D. Sinclair, and M. K. Rahn, Increase in late Neogene denudation of the European Alps confirmed by analysis of a fission-track thermochronology database, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, vol.270, issue.3-4, pp.316-329, 2008.
DOI : 10.1016/j.epsl.2008.03.053
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00286544

P. Vialon, Clivages schisteux et déformations: répartition et genèse dans le bassin mésozoïque de Bourg-d'Oisans (Alpes du Dauphiné), Géologie Alpine, vol.44, pp.353-366, 1968.

A. B. Watts, S. H. Lamb, J. D. Fairhead, and J. F. Dewey, Lithospheric flexure and bending of the Central Andes, Lithospheric flexure and bending of the central Andes, pp.9-21, 1995.
DOI : 10.1016/0012-821X(95)00095-T

C. Wibberley, Are feldspar-to-mica reactions necessarily reaction-softening processes in fault zones?, Journal of Structural Geology, vol.21, issue.8-9, pp.1219-1227, 1999.
DOI : 10.1016/S0191-8141(99)00019-X

C. Wibberley, Initiation of basement thrust detachments by fault-zone reaction weakening High Strain Zones: Structures and Physical Properties, pp.347-372, 2005.

P. Yamato, F. Mouthereau, and E. Burov, Taiwan mountain building: insights from, 2009.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00354324