E. , F. ). , F. Yang, C. Lan, Y. Kuo et al., USA) as well as for many instructive discussions Huang as well as of many other students from NTU (Taiwan) The numerous thin sections were prepared by The ZHe data were analyzed by Lindsey Hedges (Caltech) This study was improved thanks to the numerous discussions with, Liz Miura-Boyd for access to the Raman laboratory at Caltech (CaliforniaCaltech), as well as with John Suppe (Princeton) and Jacques Malavieille (CNRS Montpellier). Mark Simons also collected the Chipan gneiss samples. Steve Kidder (Caltech) provided constructive comments on an early draft. This manuscript also benefited from the constructive and thoughtful reviews

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J. P. Avouac, K. A. Farley, and T. Observatory, Geological and Planetary Sciences Division, California Institute of Technology, Mail code 100-23 (farley@gps.caltech.edu; avouac@gps.caltech.edu) O. Beyssac and B. Goffé, Laboratoire de Géologie, Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, F-75005 Paris, France. (beyssac@geologie.ens.fr; bruno. goffe@cnrs-dir.fr) Y.-G. Chen, Geosciences Department, Sec. 4 th Taiwan. (ygchen@ntu.edu.tw) Y.-C. Chan, Institute of Earth Sciences, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road