C. J. Adams, Contemporary Uplift and Erosion of the Southern Alps, New Zealand, Geological Society of America Bulletin, vol.91, issue.1_Part_II, pp.1-114, 1980.
DOI : 10.1130/GSAB-P2-91-1

C. J. Adams and J. E. Gabites, Age of metamorphism and uplift in the Haast Schist Group at Haast Pass, Lake Wanaka and Lake Hawea, South Island, New Zealand, New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics, vol.63, issue.1, pp.85-96, 1985.
DOI : 10.1016/0012-821X(72)90141-0

R. G. Allis, Continental underthrusting beneath the Southern Alps of New Zealand, Geology, vol.9, issue.7, pp.303-307, 1981.
DOI : 10.1130/0091-7613(1981)9<303:CUBTSA>2.0.CO;2

R. G. Allis, Mode of crustal shortening adjacent to the Alpine Fault, pp.15-32, 1986.

P. B. Andrews, I. G. Speden, and I. D. Bradshaw, Geology of the Lord Range, Central Southern Alps, New Zealand, New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics, vol.39, issue.1, pp.271-299, 1976.
DOI : 10.1080/00288306.1961.10420123

J. Avouac and E. Burov, Erosion as a driving mechanism of intracontinental mountain growth, Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, vol.4, issue.2, pp.747-17769, 1996.
DOI : 10.1029/96JB01344

G. E. Batt, The crustal dynamics and tectonic evolution of the Southern Alps, New Zealand: Insights from new geochronological data and fully-coupled thermo-dynamical finite element modeling, Aust. Natl, 1997.

G. E. Batt and J. Braun, On the thermomechanical evolution of compressional orogens, Geophys, J. Int, vol.128, pp.364-382, 1997.

G. E. Batt and J. Braun, The tectonic evolution of the Southern Alps, New Zealand: insights from fully thermally coupled dynamical modelling, Geophysical Journal International, vol.136, issue.2, pp.403-420, 1999.
DOI : 10.1046/j.1365-246X.1999.00730.x

G. E. Batt, J. Braun, B. P. Kohn, and I. Mcdougall, Thermochronological analysis of the dynamics of the Southern Alps, New Zealand, Geological Society of America Bulletin, vol.112, issue.2, pp.250-266, 2000.
DOI : 10.1130/0016-7606(2000)112<250:TAOTDO>2.0.CO;2

C. Beaumont, P. J. Kamp, J. Hamilton, and P. Fullsack, The continental collision zone, South Island, New Zealand: Comparison of geodynamical models and observations, Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, vol.18, issue.B2, pp.3333-3359, 1996.
DOI : 10.1029/95JB02401

C. Beaumont, R. A. Jamieson, M. H. Nguyen, and B. Lee, Himalayan tectonics explained by extrusion of a low-viscosity crustal channel coupled to focused surface denudation, Nature, vol.414, issue.6865, pp.414-738, 2001.
DOI : 10.1038/414738a

J. Beavan, Crustal deformation during 1994 ? 1998 due to oblique continental collison in the Central Alps, New Zealand, and implications for seismic potential of the Alpine Fault, J. Geophys. Res, vol.104, issue.25, pp.233-25255, 1999.

J. Beavan, P. Tregoning, M. Bevis, T. Kato, and C. Meertens, Motion and rigidity of the Pacific Plate and implications for plate boundary deformation, Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, vol.26, issue.B10, pp.226110-1029, 2002.
DOI : 10.1029/2001JB000561

M. Brandon and J. A. Vance, Tectonic evolution of the Cenozoic Olympic subduction complex, Washington State, as deduced from fission track ages for detrital zircons, American Journal of Science, vol.292, issue.8, pp.565-636, 1992.
DOI : 10.2475/ajs.292.8.565

M. Brandon, M. Roden-tice, and J. Graver, Late Cenozoic exhumation of the Cascadia accretionary wedge in the Olympic Mountains, northwest Washington State, Geological Society of America Bulletin, vol.110, issue.8, pp.985-1009, 1998.
DOI : 10.1130/0016-7606(1998)110<0985:LCEOTC>2.3.CO;2

J. Braun, Estimating exhumation rate and relief evolution by spectral analysis of age-elevation datasets, Terra Nova, vol.30, issue.3, pp.210-214, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/0016-7037(87)90164-5

J. Braun, Quantifying the effect of recent relief changes on age???elevation relationships, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, vol.200, issue.3-4, pp.331-343, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0012-821X(02)00638-6

J. Braun, Pecube: a new finite-element code to solve the 3D heat transport equation including the effects of a time-varying, finite amplitude surface topography, Computers & Geosciences, vol.29, issue.6, pp.787-794, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S0098-3004(03)00052-9

J. Braun, G. E. Batt, D. L. Scott, H. Mcqueen, and A. R. Beasley, A simple kinematic model for crustal deformation along two- and three-dimensional listric normal faults derived from scaled laboratory experiments, Journal of Structural Geology, vol.16, issue.10, pp.1477-1490, 1994.
DOI : 10.1016/0191-8141(94)90010-8

R. W. Brown, M. A. Summerfield, and A. J. Gleadow, Apatite fission track analysis: Its potential for the estimation of denudation rates and implications for models of long-term landscape development, Process Models and Theoretical Geomorphology, pp.23-53, 1994.

C. P. Chamberlain, P. K. Zeitler, and A. F. Cooper, Geochronologic constraints of the uplift and metamorphism along the Alpine Fault, South Island, New Zealand, New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics, vol.232, issue.4, pp.515-523, 1995.
DOI : 10.1029/91TC00168

S. Cox and R. H. Findley, The Main Divide Fault Zone and its role in formation of the Southern Alps, New Zealand, New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics, vol.135, issue.4, pp.489-500, 1995.
DOI : 10.1130/0091-7613(1993)021<0371:MMFTTO>2.3.CO;2

D. Craw, Shallow-level metamorphic fluids in a high uplift rat metamorphic belt; Alpine Schist, New Zealand, Journal of Metamorphic Geology, vol.18, issue.1, pp.1-16, 1988.
DOI : 10.1007/BF00371516

D. Craw, M. S. Rattenbury, and R. D. Johnstone, Structures within greenschist facies Alpine Schist, central Southern Alps, New Zealand, New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics, vol.18, issue.1, pp.101-111, 1994.
DOI : 10.1007/BF00371686

D. Craw, E. Nelson, and P. Koons, Structure and topographic evolution of the Main Divide in the Landsborough???Hopkins area of the Southern Alps, New Zealand, New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics, vol.5, issue.4, pp.553-562, 2004.
DOI : 10.1007/s005310000166

F. J. Davey, T. Henyey, S. Kleffman, A. Melhuish, D. Okaya et al., Crustal reflections from the Alpine Fault Zone, South Island, New Zealand, New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics, vol.18, issue.4, pp.601-604, 1995.
DOI : 10.1080/00288306.1995.9514684

M. H. Dodson, Closure temperature in cooling geochronological and petrological systems, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, vol.3, issue.2, pp.259-274, 1973.
DOI : 10.1007/BF00373790

W. Dunlap, Nature's diffusion experiment: The cooling-rate cooling-age correlation, Geology, vol.28, issue.2, pp.139-142, 2000.
DOI : 10.1130/0091-7613(2000)28<139:NDETCC>2.0.CO;2

W. Dunlap, C. Teyssier, I. Mcdougall, and S. Baldwin, Ages of deformation from K/Ar and 40Ar/39Ar dating of white micas, Geology, vol.19, issue.12, pp.1213-1216, 1991.
DOI : 10.1130/0091-7613(1991)019<1213:AODFKA>2.3.CO;2

T. A. Ehlers, S. Willett, P. A. Armstrong, and D. S. Chapman, Exhumation of the Central Wasatch Mountains, Utah: 1. Constraints from low-temperature thermochronometry, J. Geophys. Res, vol.108, issue.B3, pp.217210-1029, 2003.

K. A. Farley, (U-Th)/He Dating: Techniques, Calibrations, and Applications, He dating: Techniques, calibrations, and applications, pp.819-844, 2002.
DOI : 10.2138/rmg.2002.47.18

R. H. Findley, Structure and interpretation of the Alpine schists in Copland and Cook River Valleys, South Island, New Zealand, New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics, vol.42, issue.2, pp.138-177, 1987.
DOI : 10.1016/0040-1951(78)90038-0

A. J. Gleadow and I. R. Duddy, A natural long-term track annealing experiment for apatite, Nuclear Tracks, vol.5, issue.1-2, pp.169-174, 1981.
DOI : 10.1016/0191-278X(81)90039-1

R. Grapes and T. Watanabe, Metamorphism and uplift of Alpine schist in the Franz Josef?Fox Glacier area of the Southern Alps, New Zealand, Journal of Metamorphic Geology, vol.18, issue.2, pp.547-555, 1983.
DOI : 10.1007/BF00371686

G. A. Griffiths and M. J. Mcsaveney, Distribution of mean annual precipitation across some steepland regions of New Zealand, N. Z. J. Sci, vol.26, pp.197-209, 1983.

G. W. Grindley, Structure of the alpine schists of South Westland, Southern Alps, New Zealand, New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics, vol.42, issue.5, pp.872-930, 1963.
DOI : 10.1086/626465

W. E. Hames and S. A. Bowring, An empirical evaluation of the argon diffusion geometry in muscovite, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, vol.124, issue.1-4, pp.161-167, 1994.
DOI : 10.1016/0012-821X(94)00079-4

C. T. Harper, On the interpretation of potassium-argon ages from Precambrian shields and phanerozoic orogens, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, vol.3, pp.128-132, 1967.
DOI : 10.1016/0012-821X(67)90023-4

T. M. Harrison, I. Duncan, and I. Mcdougall, Diffusion of 4 0Ar in biotite: Temperature, pressure and compositional effects, Geochim. Cosmochim . Acta, vol.49, pp.2461-2468, 1985.

F. Herman and J. Braun, Landform response to horizontal shortening and glaciations: A study in the Southern Alps of New Zealand, J. Geophys. Res, pp.10-1029, 2006.

J. Holland, Adaptation in natural and artificial systems, Genetic Algorithms, 1975.

N. Hovius, C. P. Stark, and P. A. Allen, Sediment flux from a mountain belt derived by landslide mapping, Geology, vol.25, issue.3, pp.231-234, 1997.
DOI : 10.1130/0091-7613(1997)025<0231:SFFAMB>2.3.CO;2

J. Huang and D. Turcotte, Fractal mapping of digitized images: Application to the topography of Arizona and comparisons with synthetic images, Journal of Geophysical Research, vol.20, issue.B6, pp.7491-7495, 1989.
DOI : 10.1029/JB094iB06p07491

A. J. Hurford, International union of geological sciences subcommission on geochronology recommendation for the standardization of fission track dating calibration and data reporting, International Journal of Radiation Applications and Instrumentation. Part D. Nuclear Tracks and Radiation Measurements, vol.17, issue.3, pp.233-236, 1990.
DOI : 10.1016/1359-0189(90)90040-5

R. A. Jamieson, C. Beaumont, P. Fullsack, and B. Lee, Barrovian regional metamorphism: where???s the heat?, What Controls Metamorphism and Metamorphic Reactions, pp.23-51, 1998.
DOI : 10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.138.01.03

P. Kamp and J. Tippett, Dynamics of Pacific plate crust in the South Island (New Zealand) zone of oblique continent-continent convergence, Journal of Geophysical Research, vol.18, issue.B9, pp.105-121, 1993.
DOI : 10.1029/93JB01091

D. Kirschner, M. Cosca, H. Masson, and J. Hunziker, Staircase 40/Ar39Ar spectra of fine-grained white mica: Timing and duration of deformation and empirical constraints on argon diffusion, Geology, vol.24, issue.8, pp.747-750, 1996.
DOI : 10.1130/0091-7613(1996)024<0747:SAASOF>2.3.CO;2

S. Kleffmann, F. Davey, A. Melhuish, D. Okaya, and T. Stern, Crustal structure in the central South Island, New Zealand, from the Lake Pukaki seismic experiment, New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics, vol.18, issue.1, pp.39-49, 1998.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1365-246X.1992.tb00836.x

P. O. Koons, Some thermal and mechanical consequences of rapid uplift: an example from the Southern Alps, New Zealand, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, vol.86, issue.2-4, pp.1041-1069, 1987.
DOI : 10.1016/0012-821X(87)90228-7

P. O. Koons, The two sided wedge in orogeny: Erosion and collision from the sand box to the Southern Alps, pp.679-682, 1990.

P. O. Koons, Three-dimensional critical wedges: Tectonics and topography in oblique collisional orogens, Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, vol.21, issue.B6, pp.301-13315, 1994.
DOI : 10.1029/94JB00611

P. O. Koons, D. Craw, S. C. Cox, P. Upton, A. S. Templeton et al., Fluid flow during active oblique convergence: A Southern Alps model from mechanical and geochemical observations, Geology, vol.26, issue.2, pp.159-162, 1998.
DOI : 10.1130/0091-7613(1998)026<0159:FFDAOC>2.3.CO;2

T. A. Little and R. J. Holcombe, Kinematics of oblique collision and ramping inferred from microstructures and strain in middle crustal rocks, central Southern Alps, New Zealand, Journal of Structural Geology, vol.24, issue.1, pp.219-239, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0191-8141(01)00060-8

B. Mason, Metamorphism in the Southern Alps of New Zealand, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist, vol.123, pp.217-248, 1962.

P. Molnar and P. England, Late Cenozoic uplift of mountain ranges and global climate change: chicken or egg?, Nature, vol.346, issue.6279, pp.29-34, 1990.
DOI : 10.1038/346029a0

P. Molnar, Continuous Deformation Versus Faulting Through the Continental Lithosphere of New Zealand, Science, vol.286, issue.5439, pp.516-519, 1999.
DOI : 10.1126/science.286.5439.516

D. R. Montgomery, Slope Distributions, Threshold Hillslopes, and Steady-state Topography, American Journal of Science, vol.301, issue.4-5, pp.432-454, 2001.
DOI : 10.2475/ajs.301.4-5.432

R. J. Norris and A. F. Cooper, Late Quaternary slip rates and slip partitioning on the Alpine Fault, New Zealand, Journal of Structural Geology, vol.23, issue.2-3, pp.507-520, 2000.
DOI : 10.1016/S0191-8141(00)00122-X

R. J. Norris, P. O. Koons, and A. F. Cooper, The obliquely-convergent plate boundary in the South Island of New Zealand: implications for ancient collision zones, Journal of Structural Geology, vol.12, issue.5-6, pp.715-725, 1990.
DOI : 10.1016/0191-8141(90)90084-C

S. C. Porter, Abstract, Quaternary Research, vol.7, issue.01, pp.27-47, 1975.
DOI : 10.1080/00288306.1967.10428187

R. N. Pysklywec, C. Beaumont, and P. Fullsack, Lithospheric deformation during the early stages of continental collision: Numerical experiments and comparison with South Island, J. Geophys . Res, vol.107, issue.B7, pp.213310-1029, 2002.

P. W. Reiners, K. A. Farley, and H. J. Hickes, Helium diffusion and (U-Th)/He thermochronometry of zircon: Initial results from Fish Canyon Tuff (Colorado) and Gold, pp.297-308, 2002.

P. W. Reiners, T. L. Spell, S. Nicolescu, and K. A. Zanetti, Zircon (U-Th)/He Thermochronometry, Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry, vol.58, issue.1, pp.1857-1887, 2004.
DOI : 10.2138/rmg.2005.58.6

M. Reyners, Subcrustal earthquakes in the central South Island, New Zealand, and the root of the Southern Alps, Geology, vol.15, issue.12, pp.1168-1171, 1987.
DOI : 10.1130/0091-7613(1987)15<1168:SEITCS>2.0.CO;2

M. Reyners and H. Cowan, The transition from subduction to continental collision: crustal structure in the North Canterbury region, New Zealand, Geophysical Journal International, vol.115, issue.3, pp.1124-1136, 1993.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1365-246X.1993.tb01514.x

M. Sambridge, Geophysical inversion with a neighbourhood algorithm-I. Searching a parameter space, Geophysical Journal International, vol.138, issue.2, pp.479-494, 1999.
DOI : 10.1046/j.1365-246X.1999.00876.x

Y. Shi, R. Allis, and F. Davey, Thermal modeling of the Southern Alps, New Zealand, Thermal modelling of the Southern Alps, pp.469-501, 1996.
DOI : 10.1007/BF00874730

R. Sibson, S. H. White, and B. K. Atkinson, Fault rock distribution and structure within the Alpine Fault Zone, R. Soc. N. Z. Bull, vol.18, pp.55-66, 1979.

E. G. Smith, T. A. Stern, and B. O-'brien, A seismic velocity profile across the central South Island, New Zealand, from explosion data, New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics, vol.18, issue.4, pp.565-570, 1995.
DOI : 10.1038/325495a0

T. A. Stern, Gravity anomalies and crustal loading at and adjacent to the Alpine Fault, New Zealand, New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics, vol.18, issue.4, pp.593-600, 1995.
DOI : 10.1130/0016-7606(1975)86<1:GEODLS>2.0.CO;2

T. A. Stern, P. Molnar, D. Okaya, and D. Eberhart-phillips, Teleseismic P wave delay and modes of shortening in the mantle lithosphere beneath South Island, J. Geophys. Res, vol.105, issue.21, pp.615-21631, 2000.

T. Stern, S. Kleffmann, D. Okaya, M. Scherwath, and S. Bannister, Low seismic-wave speeds and enhanced fluid pressure beneath the Southern Alps of New Zealand, Geology, vol.29, issue.8, pp.679-682, 2001.
DOI : 10.1130/0091-7613(2001)029<0679:LSWSAE>2.0.CO;2

K. Stüwe and M. Hintermüller, Topography and isotherms revisited: the influence of laterally migrating drainage divides, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, vol.184, issue.1, pp.287-303, 2000.
DOI : 10.1016/S0012-821X(00)00315-0

K. Stüwe, L. White, and R. Brown, The influence of eroding topography on steady-state isotherms. Application to fission track analysis, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, vol.124, issue.1-4, pp.63-74, 1994.
DOI : 10.1016/0012-821X(94)00068-9

R. P. Suggate, Late pliocene and quaternary glaciations of New Zealand, Quaternary Science Reviews, vol.9, issue.2-3, pp.175-197, 1990.
DOI : 10.1016/0277-3791(90)90017-5

R. Sutherland, The Australia-Pacific boundary and Cenozoic plate motions in the SW Pacific: Some constraints from Geosat data, Tectonics, vol.122, issue.1, pp.819-831, 2000.
DOI : 10.1029/95TC00930

J. M. Tippett and P. J. Kamp, Fission track analysis of the Late Cenozoic vertical kinematics of continental pacific crust, South Island, New Zealand, Journal of Geophysical Research, vol.4, issue.B9, pp.119-16148, 1995.
DOI : 10.1029/92JB02115

J. Townend, Heat flow through the West Coast, South Island, New Zealand, Heat flow through the West Coast, pp.21-31, 1999.
DOI : 10.1063/1.1728420

D. L. Turcotte and G. Schubert, Geodynamics: Applications of Continuum Physics to Geological Problems, 1982.
DOI : 10.1017/CBO9780511807442

F. J. Turner, The metamorphic and intrusive rocks of South Westland, Trans. N. Z. Inst, vol.63, pp.178-284, 1933.

R. I. Walcott, Present tectonics and Late Cenozoic evolution of New Zealand, Geophysical Journal International, vol.52, issue.1, pp.1-26, 1998.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1365-246X.1978.tb04225.x

P. E. Wannamaker, G. R. Jiracek, J. A. Stodt, T. G. Caldwell, V. M. Gonzalez et al., Fluid generation and pathways beneath an active compressional orogen, the New Zealand Southern Alps, inferred from magnetotelluric data, Journal of Geophysical Research, vol.53, issue.46, p.211710, 1029.
DOI : 10.1029/2001JB000186

H. Wellman, An uplift map for the South Island of New Zealand, and a model for uplift of the Southern Alps, in The Origin of the Southern Alps, Bulletin, vol.18, pp.13-20, 1979.

K. X. Whipple, E. Kirby, and S. H. Brocklehurst, Geomorphic limits to climate-induced increases in topographic relief, Nature, vol.401, issue.6748, pp.39-43, 1999.
DOI : 10.1038/43375

S. H. White and P. Green, Tectonic development of the Alpine fault zone, New Zealand: A fission-track study, Geology, vol.14, issue.2, pp.124-127, 1986.
DOI : 10.1130/0091-7613(1986)14<124:TDOTAF>2.0.CO;2

I. E. Whitehouse, Geomorphology of a compressional plate boundary: Southern Alps, Proceedings of the First International Conference on Geomorphology?Part 1, pp.897-924, 1987.

R. W. Willett, The New Zealand Pleistocene snowline, climatic conditions and suggested biological effect, N. Z. J. Sci. Technol, vol.32, pp.18-48, 1950.

S. D. Willett and M. Brandon, On steady states in mountain belts, On steady state in mountains belts, pp.175-178, 2002.
DOI : 10.1130/0091-7613(2002)030<0175:OSSIMB>2.0.CO;2

S. Willett, C. Beaumont, and P. Fullsack, Mechanical model for the tectonics of doubly vergent compressional orogens, Geology, vol.21, issue.4, pp.371-374, 1993.
DOI : 10.1130/0091-7613(1993)021<0371:MMFTTO>2.3.CO;2

S. D. Willett, R. Slingerland, and N. Hovius, Uplift, Shortening, and Steady State Topography in Active Mountain Belts, American Journal of Science, vol.301, issue.4-5, pp.455-485, 2001.
DOI : 10.2475/ajs.301.4-5.455

P. E. Zaun and G. A. Wagner, Fission-track stability in zircons under geological conditions, Fission track stability in zircons under geological conditions, pp.303-307, 1985.
DOI : 10.1016/0735-245X(85)90119-X

À. J. Braun, G. J. Rennes, and . Dunlap, (jean.braun@univ-rennes1.fr) W) F. Herman, Geological and Planetary Science Division, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Blvd, Research School of Earth Sciences, Australian National University, pp.100-123