| HAL : insu-00695970, version 1 |
| DOI : 10.1029/2011GC004014 |
| Fiche détaillée | Récupérer au format |
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| Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems 13, 5 (2012) Q05006 |
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| Multiagent simulation of evolutive plate tectonics applied to the thermal evolution of the Earth |
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| M. Combes 1, 2, 3C. Grigné 4 |
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| (2012) |
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| [1] The feedback between plate tectonics and mantle convection controls the Earth's thermal evolution via the seafloor age distribution. We therefore designed the MACMA model to simulate time-dependent plate tectonics in a 2D cylindrical geometry with evolutive plate boundaries, based on multiagent systems that express thermal and mechanical interactions. We compute plate velocities using a local force balance and use explicit parameterizations to treat tectonic processes such as trench migration, subduction initiation, continental breakup and plate suturing. These implementations allow the model to update its geometry and thermal state at all times. Our approach has two goals: (1) to test how empirically- and analyticallydetermined rules for surface processes affect mantle and plate dynamics, and (2) to investigate how plate tectonics impact the thermal regime. Our predictions for driving forces, plate velocities and heat flux are in agreement with independent observations. Two time scales arise for the evolution of the heat flux: a linear long-term decrease and high-amplitude short-term fluctuations due to surface tectonics. We also obtain a plausible thermal history, with mantle temperature decreasing by less than 200 K over the last 3 Gyr. In addition, we show that on the long term, mantle viscosity is less thermally influential than tectonic processes such as continental breakup or subduction initiation, because Earth's cooling rate depends mainly on its ability to replace old insulating seafloor by young thin oceanic lithosphere. We infer that simple convective considerations alone cannot account for the nature of mantle heat loss and that tectonic processes dictate the thermal evolution of the Earth. |
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| 1 : | École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB) |
| ENIB – Ministère de l'Enseignement Supérieur et de la Recherche Scientifique | |
| 2 : | Centre Européen de Réalité Virtuelle (CERV) |
| ENIB | |
| 3 : | Laboratoire des sciences et techniques de l'information, de la communication et de la connaissance (Lab-STICC) |
| CNRS : UMR3192 – Université de Bretagne Occidentale [UBO] – Université de Bretagne Sud – Institut Mines-Télécom – Télécom Bretagne – PRES Université Européenne de Bretagne [UEB] – Institut Supérieur des Sciences et Technologies de Brest (ISSTB) | |
| 4 : | Domaines Océaniques |
| Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM) – Université de Bretagne Occidentale [UBO] – Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers – CNRS : UMR6538 | |
| 5 : | Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géodynamique de Nantes (LPGN) |
| CNRS : UMR6112 – INSU – Université de Nantes | |
| 6 : | Géosciences Rennes (GR) |
| CNRS : UMR6118 – INSU – Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes – Université de Rennes 1 | |
| 7 : | Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu |
| inconnue | |
| 8 : | Laboratoire d'Informatique des Systèmes Complexes (LISYC) |
| Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest – Université de Bretagne Occidentale [UBO] : EA3883 – ENSTA Bretagne – Institut Supérieur des Sciences et Technologies de Brest (ISSTB) | |
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| domaine | : | Planète et Univers/Sciences de la Terre |
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| Earth's thermal history – driving forces – mantle convection – mobile plate boundaries – multiagent systems – plate tectonics. |
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| Liste des fichiers attachés à ce document : | |||||
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| insu-00695970, version 1 | |
| http://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00695970 | |
| oai:hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr:insu-00695970 | |
| Contributeur : Isabelle Dubigeon | |
| Soumis le : Samedi 10 Novembre 2012, 07:00:41 | |
| Dernière modification le : Samedi 10 Novembre 2012, 07:00:41 | |