Lava effusion — A slow fuse for paroxysms at Stromboli volcano?

S. Calvari (1) , L. Spampinato (1, 2) , A. Bonaccorso (1) , Clive Oppenheimer (2, 3) , E. Rivalta (4) , E. Boschi (1)

1 INGV - Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia – Sezione di Pisa
2 Department of Geography [Cambridge, UK]
3 ISTO - Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans
4 SEE - School of Earth and Environment [Leeds]

The 2007 effusive eruption of Stromboli followed a similar pattern to the previous 2002–2003 episode. In both cases, magma ascent led to breaching of the uppermost part of the conduit forming an eruptive fissure that discharged lava down the Sciara del Fuoco depression. Both eruptions also displayed a ‘paroxysmal' explosive event during lava flow output. From daily effusion rate measurements retrieved from helicopter- and satellite-based infrared imaging, we deduce that the cumulative volume of lava erupted before each of the two paroxysms was similar. Based on this finding, we propose a conceptual model to explain why both paroxysms occurred after this ‘threshold' cumulative volume of magma was erupted. The gradual decompression of the deep plumbing system induced by magma withdrawal and eruption, drew deeper volatile-rich magma into the conduit, leading to the paroxysms. The proposed model might provide a basis for forecasting paroxysmal explosions during future effusive eruptions of Stromboli.

Mots clés: Stromboli volcano; effusive eruptions; paroxysmal explosions; paroxysm prediction

Domaines: Volcanologie; Milieux et Changements globaux

S. Calvari, L. Spampinato, A. Bonaccorso, Clive Oppenheimer, E. Rivalta, et al.. Lava effusion — A slow fuse for paroxysms at Stromboli volcano?. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 2011, 301 (1-2), pp.317-323. ⟨10.1016/j.epsl.2010.11.015⟩. ⟨insu-00544589⟩